GLOBAL EVOLUTIONISM AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY
Marat Ravgatovich Shagiakhmetov
Municipal Budgetary Institution of Culture “Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage of Chelyabinsk”, Chelyabinsk, Svoboda av, 60, 454091, Russia
Keywords: evolution, natural selection, synergetics, thinking, worldview, scientific picture of the world, general theory of systems, variability, heredity
Abstract
In considering the formation of the theory of global evolutionism as a necessary element in the comprehension of the unity of the world, the author proceeds from the need for a level of thinking adequate to the unity and related to the scientific picture of the world. In the author’s view, given the systemic organization of nature, the basis of the scientific picture of the world is the general theory of the system of nature, according to which the structure of nature is the alternation and interdependent development of opposite systems: a complete system of heterogeneous elements and a discrete system of objects of the same kind. The revealed structure makes it possible to comprehend the mechanism of natural selection and self-organization as a manifestation of the development of these opposite systems - as the interdependent development of autonomy and association. The driver of evolution is the interaction of variability and identity, which has the form of repeatability in the inorganic world, the form of heredity in the living nature; in human society, the driver takes the form of interaction of activity and conservatism. With the rise of the mind, man leaves the system of biogeocenosis, settles on the planet and interacts with the nature of the planet as a whole, forming a new system of “man and nature”, where the interaction of man and nature is mediated by the system of “public consciousness and public practice”. The evolution of consciousness comes to the fore; transformations of thinking and ideas become the subject of selection in the system of society.
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