Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of adaptation of calciphytes of the genus Hedysarum
O. A. ROZENTSVET1, E. S. BOGDANOVA1, G. N. TABALENKOVA2, S. N. ROZINA3
1Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Institute of Ecology of Volga River Basin RAS, Toliatti, Russia
2Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
3Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia
Keywords: elemental composition, enzymes, fatty acids, pigments
Abstract
The morphological and physiological biochemical features of calciphytes Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall. and Hedysarum gmelinii Ledeb are investigated. Plants H . gmelinii grown on a more moisturized and saline soil substrate. The leaf parameters of plants H . grandiflorum were characterized by a greater thickness, an area and contained significantly more water compared to the leaves of H . gmelinii . The leaf mass per unit area of H . gmelinii is 1.5 times higher than that of H . grandiflorum . Pigment foundation of H . grandiflorum is more enriched with chlorophylls. The level of lipid peroxidation in H . grandiflorum plant cells lower more than twice compare with H . gmelinii . The activity of enzymes catalase, peroxidase, polyphenolxidase on the contrary it was higher in H . grandiflorum . In addition, H . grandiflorum leaf lipids were distinguished by a greater saturation of fatty acids (SFA) (46.0 % of the amount of SFA) than H . gmelinii (31.5 %), but the concentration of α-linolenic acid in the leaves of H . gmelinii 1.5 times higher than H . grandiflorum . It was concluded that the existence of calciphyte plants in peculiar soil-climatic conditions imposes specific morphological and physiological and biochemical features even among closely related species H . grandiflorum and H . gmelinii .
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