Home – Home – Jornals – Contemporary Problems of Ecology 2021 number 5

The results of the study of biological and ecological features of the invasive species Elaeagnus angustifolia L. in the territory of the South Urals are given. The species is actively naturalized mainly in river floodplains and around other reservoirs. It is included in the Black Book of flora of Central Russia, Siberia, “black lists” of the Middle Volga region, Voronezh, Orenburg and other regions. The total number in the investigated coenopulations is estimated at 18-20 thousand individuals. The species is naturalized in various types of phytocoenoses - from steeped meadows to halophytic communities. Most of the investigated coenopulations are located in an arid climate, with little precipitation. The northernmost coenopopulations are in more favorable natural and climatic conditions. DCA-ordination of communities revealed leading environmental factors: continental climate, humidification, soil acidity, rich soils with nitrogen, moisture variability. Individuals of E. angustifolia vary in height from 2 to 8 m. Tall plants are noted mainly on unsalted habitats with sufficient humidification. Lower plants are found in saline or dry habitats. The study of reproductive biology revealed that the greatest indicators for the parameters of fruits are observed in the coenopulations Aslykul, Izobilnoye, Sol-Iletsk, the minimum - in the coenopulation Tatar Kargala. Regression analysis of the dependence of the bone fraction on the fetal mass shows that with an increase in fetal mass, a decrease in the bone fraction is observed. The naturalization of E. angustifolia in river floodplains negatively affects the growth, development and resumption of native forest-forming species, which leads to irreversible consequences of the degeneration of floodplain forests.