ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MINING ENTERPRISES IN THE AREAS OF THE CHINA-MONGOLIA-RUSSIA ECONOMIC CORRIDOR
A.D. ABALAKOV, N.B. BAZAROVA
V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033, Irkutsk, ul. Ulan-Batorskaya, 1, Russia
abalakovirk@mail.ru
Keywords: транспортные системы, месторождения полезных ископаемых, горнодобывающие предприятия, оценка техногенного воздействия, экологические карты, Монголия и Байкальский регион, transport systems, mineral deposits, mining enterprises, anthropogenic impact assessment, environmental maps, Mongolia and Baikal region
Abstract
Presented are the results from investigating the environmental impact of the mining industry in the Baikal region and Mon golia where in accordance with the tripartite international agreements it is planned to create the China-Mongolia-Russia trans port economic corridors. The investigation was made for the areas traversed by the sections of the transport and economic corridors: the Trans-Siberian Railroad, Ulan-Ude-Ulanbaatar railroad to the border with China, and the Karymskoe-Zabaikalsk railroad. The algorithm of the study implies a model in which the mining complex is considered as an intricately shaped natural-techno genic system. Elements of this system are production sites for the extraction of mineral raw materials and the environment in the field of technological impact, including natural and socio-economic components. The cartographic method is used as a key tech nique. Maps serve as a systematic methodology for research and are the result of a component-wise and integral assessment of the technogenic impact of mining on the environment and population. A system of indicators is suggested, which was used in assessing and mapping the technogenic impact at the local (areas of development of deposits) and areal (administrative districts) levels. Methods for compiling maps and their contents are outlined. The problems and prospects of research are identified.
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