ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND CAROTID ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROTIC PHENOTYPES
A.N. Ryabikov1,2, M.S. Troshina1, M.N. Ryabikov1, Yu.Yu. Palekhina1, S.K. Malyutina1,2
1Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine - Branch of Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS, 630089, Novosibirsk, Boris Bogatkov str., 175/1
2Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, 630091, Novosibirsk, Krasny ave., 52
Keywords: эндотелиальная дисфункция, атеросклероз, толщина комплекса "интима-медия", сосудистый тонус, поток-зависимая вазодилатация, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, intima-media thickness, vascular tone, flow-mediated dilation
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the initial development of atherosclerosis. The presence of atherosclerosis by ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries is associated with an increased risk of development of coronary heart disease (CHD) by 1.2% -3.3% per year. The study of the relationship between morphological and functional vascular alterations is an important step toward an improvement of prognostic assessment of the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the development of new tools for their prevention. We aimed to perform a systematic review of published studies evaluating the relationship between flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) during reactive hyperemia test and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). Material and methods. Publications on selected topic were analyzed from 2000 to 2019. We used various Internet resources such as PubMed ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed), Google Scholar ( https://scholar.google.ru), the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.ru ( https://elibrary.ru) and major Russian cardiology journals. Results. The analysis of the literature showed that a relationship between a decrease of FMD and an increase of IMT is consistently found in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with verified atherosclerosis of different locations (including CHD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis), and arterial hypertension. However, these studies were conducted predominantly on small clinical groups (from 10 to 136 people). Few large studies (more than 1000 people) among subjects with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus did not show any convincing relationship between IMT and FMD. In the current literature there is a lack of large studies on the problem, and the data of existing studies are contradictory. New larger studies on this issue are required in various populations and in a wide age range. Conclusion. The studying of association between phenotypes of vasodilation function and structural changes of the vascular wall (for example, between FMD and IMT) remains topical for prognostic assessments of the risk of developing of cardiovascular diseases. |
