MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MITOCHONDRIA AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL APPROACHES TO THEIR STUDY
Lizaveta Igorevna BON, Nataliya Yevgenyevna MAKSIMOVICH
Grodno State Medical University
Keywords: митохондрии, иммуногистохимические маркеры, энергетика клетки, mitochondria, immunohistochemical markers, cell energy
Abstract
Violation of the functions
of mitochondria is accompanied by any disease, so further study of the
functional characteristics of mitochondria in various pathologies in the
clinic and experiment, as well as the search for new diagnostic markers
is promising and relevant. The purpose of this review is to summarize
and systematize the literature data on morphofunctional characteristics
and molecular immunohistochemical markers used to assess the function of
mitochondria. The most characteristic feature of these organelles is
the presence of a large number of enzymes involved in oxidative
phosphorylation and energy supply to the cell. Also, the aim was to
allocate so-called mitochondrial diseases associated with genetic,
structural, biochemical defects of mitochondria, including those leading
to energy deficiency of cells. Mitochondrial diseases are transmitted
through the female line, since only the ovum contains mitochondria.
Hereditary mitochondrial diseases associated with mutations in the genes
encoding the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins - Bart’s syndrome,
Kearns - Sayre syndrome, Pearson’s syndrome, and others are known. In
addition, mitochondria are involved in the storage and transmission of
hereditary information, apoptosis and plastic processes. There are a
number of molecular markers, the use of which allows a detailed study of
the activity of mitochondria under various experimental effects. The
nearly thousand mitochondrial markers are known, but this review
encloses the main ones.
|
