MODERN REPRODUCTIVE SETTINGS OF THE BURYATIAN POPULATION OF IVOLGINSKIY REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA: ON MATERIALS OF FIELD RESEARCH
V. V. Lygdenova1, O. B. Dashinamzhilov2
1Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, 17 Pr. Ak. Lavrentyeva, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
2Institute of History SB RAS, 8 Nikolayeva Str. , Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Keywords: этническая демография, население, рождаемость, Республика Бурятия, репродуктивная установка, буряты, полевое исследование, анкетирование, народы Сибири, демографический переход, ethnical demography, population, birth rates, Republic of Buryatia, reproductive setting, Buryats, field research, survey, sociological review, Siberian peoples, demographic transition
Abstract
Nowadays the decline in fertility takes place in a great number of countries and regions. It makes scholars to search for reasons forcing people to reduce a number of children in families. Using only statistical and mathematical methods cannot provide full explanation. It is necessary to study reproductive behavior that is realized through reproductive setting of a person. The paper considers peculiarities of the Buryat population’s reproductive setting in Ivolginsky Region. To solve this objective the authors apply sociological and mathematical methods. The research methodology is the theory of demographic transition. 300 people between 20 and 50 years of age have been reviewed during the research. Women that live in 15 villages of Ivolginsky Region took part in the sociological review, which revealed the ideas of Buryats about the optimum number of children (3,159 children per a woman). It is explained by the fact that the research was conducted in the countryside region where birthrates are traditionally higher than in urban areas. The expected number of children was close to an ideal number - 2,902 children. Demographers regard similarity of these indicators as a proof of high harmony of reproductive settings. The authors reveal that ideal and expected number of children have not significantly changed for over more than 20 years. Sharp decrease of the parameters is observed among the youngest group of women. The study confirms that women with high and incomplete high education have a lower ideal number of children than the rest of population. The survey results show the link between reproductive settings and financial situation. The lower is income size the higher is an ideal and expected number of children in families. Thus, the field research result proves that the Buryat population have clear ideas about the best number of children and their reproductive settings are characterized by a high harmony. In the short term one can expect further decrease in the number of children in a family and, consequently, declining birth rates.
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