PROGRESSIVE SUCCESSIONS OF FOREST PHYTOCENOSIS ON THE DUMPS OF KEDROVSKIY COAL MINE
V. I. Ufimtsev1, I. P. Belanov2
1Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Prospekt Leningradskiy, 18, Kemerovo, 650065 Russian Federation
2Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent’eva, 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
Keywords: отвалы вскрышных пород, лесные насаждения, сосна обыкновенная Pinus sylvestris L, береза повислая Betula pendula Roth, облепиха крушиновидная Hippophae rhamnoides L, восстановительные сукцессии, Кузнецкая котловина, Кемеровская область, dumps of daylighting grounds, forest stands, Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L, drooping birch Betula pendula Roth, sea buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides L, progressive successions, Kuznetsk basin, Kemerovo Oblast
Abstract
One of the directions of progressive plant successions on the dumps of daylighting grounds is the artificial formation of forest stands. Pine and sea buckthorn stands are planted in the Kuzbas in the areas of forest reclamation, while birch forests appear as a result of natural overgrowing. As the model object, the Kedrovsky coal mine was selected, located in the subzone of the northern forest-steppe of the Kuznetsk basin. The dumps of the Kedrovskiy coal mine were used 25-35 years ago, and are now characterized by a wide range of tree stands, varying, first of all, in density and closeness of crowns. During forest inventory and geobotanical studies, a description of the structure of the communities formed were completed and the species composition of the main and undergrowth tree species, the nature of reforestation under the cover of the first generation of trees and the ecological and cenotic structure of the herbaceous populations were studied. It was established that on the dumps Scots pine trees are stable and of one tree species stands with the occasional presence of other tree species: thosewith high crown density developed ondead soil cover, while the sparse stands were characterized bywell-formed undergrowth. In birch forests, on the contrary, the tree species composition is enriched, a stable undergrowth is developing. In pine and birch stands, the forest species are increasing, the share of ruderal vegetation is considerably reduced, the variety of species of legumes family grows, which, along with the successful regeneration of trees and shrubs, is indicative of the forest trend of succession. In the sea buckthorn stands a degradation is noted; due to repeating fires, reforestation is poorly expressed, the predominance of ruderal species is observed in the herbaceous layer. It has been established that the sea buckthorn inhibits the course of progressive forest successions.
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