Home – Home – Jornals – Humanitarian sciences in Siberia 2018 number

The article shows the features of infant and child mortality in the cities of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic based on the current and medical statistics. Improvement of the children health care in cities contributed to reducing infant and child mortality. However, in the 1960s the mortality of infants, especially boys, remained high. The highest infant mortality was among the Kazakhs, its decrease was observed in Tatars, Armenians, Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians, the lowest one - in Jews. Infants under 1 year of age died from respiratory and infectious diseases, toxic dyspepsia in Russian cities. The level of infant mortality from pneumonia and tuberculosis, especially from the respiratory system decreased significantly. There were high rates of infant perinatal mortality and birth trauma, premature birth, congenital malformations. The mortality causes classes were related to the health of biological fathers and, especially, mothers. However, in the 1960s in the cities of Russian Federation cities the mortality rate of infants from neonatal sepsis slightly decreased. Increasing environmental problems - soil, water, air pollution, especially in cities, contributed to spreading infant deaths from not peculiar to this age diseases of circulatory and endocrine systems, oncological ones. In 1960s the mortality rate of children under 5 years remained high in the Russian Federation. The death probability of boys under 5 years was higher than that of girls. Children under the age of 5 years were ill and died from diseases of the respiratory, digestive, circulatory systems, infectious and cancer rates. Thus, changes in death causes indicated the development of a modern type of infant and child mortality.