Home – Home – Jornals – Humanitarian sciences in Siberia 2017 number

The paper demonstrates the study results of the urban population mortality dynamics in the period between the Annual Censuses of 1959 and 1970. The article objective is to show peculiarities of demographic (epidemiological) transition in West Siberia in 1960s. Actuality of studying the population mortality in the considered period was determined by the average life decrease since the second half of 1960s after a long time increase. Such dynamics required detailed and circumstantial analysis of the conditions and factors affecting it. To a great extent it will facilitate explanation of both current and future reproduction dynamics. The demographic transition theory and its composite part - epidemiological transition - provided the methodological basis for the research. This essence of the demographic transition is that once society achieved a certain level of development, its structure of diseases and mortality causes undergoes a rapid (from a historical point of view) transformation. In the structure of “old” pathology infectious and parasitical diseases played an important role, while the structure of “new” pathology was formed by diseases and reasons of mortality caused primarily by endogenous factors related with human natural ageing, decreasing resistance to unfavorable external influence. The set of mathematical methods as well as special methods of historical perception are used in the research: historical-genetic and historical-comparative ones. The study led to conclusion that epidemiological transition in West Siberia had its own peculiarities determined by different factors. Mortality by cause of death had yet more incomplete structure if compared with the whole of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The average life expectancy of urban residents in West Siberia was lower than in the republic, and inter-sex differentiation in its level was higher. At the same time over the period of 11 years, the economic region was logging behind even more, the differences in life expectancy between men and women increased, interregional differentiation in the population mortality rate grew.