ON THE REVOLUTION FOR CHILDREN: THE DYNAMICS OF REPRESENTATIONS AND CONCEPTS OF "REVOLUTIONARY" IN THE MAGAZINE "ZADUSHEVNOE SLOVO" ON THE EARLY XX CENTURY
N.N. Rodigina1,2
1Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, 28, Viluikaya str., Novosibirsk, 630126, Russia
2Tobolsk complex scientific station UB RAS, 15 Acad. Yu. Osipova Str., Tobolsk, 626152, Russia
Keywords: äåòñêèå æóðíàëû, îáðàçû ðóññêèõ ðåâîëþöèé íà÷àëà ÕÕ â, èñòîðèÿ æóðíàëèñòèêè, children’s magazines, representations of Russian revolutions of early ÕÕ century, history of journalism
Abstract
The article objective is to determine the dynamic of representations and concepts of «revolutionary» in children’s weekly magazine «Zadushevnoe Slovo» in the early XX century. The methodological framework is set by 1) the concept of P. Bourdieu è M.P. Mokhnacheva on collective authorship of journal texts that is based on the fact that magazine publications are the result of co-creativity of the text authors, publishers, editors, censors and readers; 2) a method of critical discourse by T. van Dijk predetermined close attention not only to the content, but to those who produced and controlled the revolution discourse as well. Magazine «Zadushevnoe Slovo» (1876-1918) founded by M.O. Wolff was one of the most popular and favorite with children’s readership. The magazine aims remained practically unchanged throughout its existence history: to be a friend, interlocutor and leader of young readers; give them useful various reading, expand their knowledge. The editorial board was delighted to meet the manifesto on the 7th of October in 1905 calling it «the new era of Russian life». Young readers were informed about proclaimed freedom of conscience, religion, speech, assembly and association, inviolability of a person and the State Duma convocation. Since 1906 when the first issue was published the topics of the Russian parliament elections, population new political rights and freedoms had a priority for the magazine. Its editorial office in a simple, understandable language informed about the State Duma functions, substantiated its creation reasons, notified on estate, ethnic, professional composition of deputies of the first Russian parliament. However, after the manifesto of July 9, 1906 on the State Duma dissolution, «the revolutionary» theme disappears from the journal pages. «The new era of Russian freedom» was proclaimed on the magazine pages in early March 1917. As in 1905, the monarchy overthrow and the Provisional Government, declaring civil rights and freedoms were announced as epochal, progressive and natural. Metaphors of spring, light, family (all people are the native children of mother-country), revival to a new life of free Russia occurred in most April and May issues of 1917. Proclaiming the sacred idea of freedom «Zadushevnoe Slovo» created the pantheon of its heroes-martyrs. Along with Christ, the Decembrists and non-commissioned officer T. Kirpichnikov were recognized as the first freedom fighters. However, by autumn the time of hope and joyful excitement was replaced by the period of «terrible disasters, great misfortunes» and great disappointments. October 29, the magazine published an editorial article named «Homeland is dying», and in early 1918 the journal edition was ceased.
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