Home – Home – Jornals – Humanitarian sciences in Siberia 2017 number

The article tries to define Mongolian neighbouring influence on Transbaikal economic structure and rates of development in the stated period. Mongolian involvement in Russian and later in Soviet sphere of interest had little effect on the development of the region which lagged far behind the economic modernization stage. Chinese (Sinhai) revolution and independence of Mongolia were of great interest to Russia: the Government was aware of the importance of Mongolia in realization of Russian political and economic interests in the Far East. The role of the starting point in Russian plans to defeat other rivals in Mongolian affairs was given to Kyakhta’s railway branch, which was supposed to be constructed from frontier Kyakhta to Trans-Siberian Railway with the aim to lay it through Mongolia to Beijing. The possible loss of European Russian industrial areas during World War I made the Tsarist Government pay attention to Asian markets. After the Civil War and foreign intervention strengthening of Eastern regions on the advanced economic development basis once again appeared to be one of the prime goals of the new Soviet power. The economic reconstruction after emergency situations and further achievements were to demonstrate advantages of Socialism to peoples of the East and thus to involve them into the Soviet sphere of economic, political and ideological influence and to serve as the world revolution base in the Buddhist East. Besides geopolitical, military-strategic and ideological circumstances, the importance of close cooperation between Buryatia and Mongolia was determined by economic reasons. Firstly, Mongolia was considered as a perspective product market. Secondly, Mongolia with its rich cattle-breeding industry could be a very important supplier of the Republic processing industry. In spite of political transformations, the Soviet State economic strategy in Buryatia in 1920s had a vividly expressed “Mongolian colour”.