Home – Home – Jornals – Chemistry for Sustainable Development 2016 number 5

Linear nickel nanostructures with a different ratio of their length to diameter were synthesized by reduction of nickel formate with hydrazine hydrate in the ethylene glycol medium. The effect of temperature, reduction time, concentration of nickel formate on the products of its reduction was studied. The morphology and properties of the resulting nickel nanoparticles were studied by X-ray phase analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that reduction of nickel formate in ethylene glycol with hydrazine hydrate proceeded without additional alkalizing the medium, which prevents the formation of nickel hydroxide and contamination of the final product. It was established that at a temperature of 130 °C, well-crystallised metal nickel in as nanowires with a diameter of approximately 100 nm and length of 2-4 µm was formed in the system. Increasing the reaction temperature to 150 °C is accompanied by an increase of the rate of nickel reduction, decrease of the size of the generated particles up to 50 nm and morphology change of the particles. It was discovered that increasing the concentration of nickel formate in the feed solution virtually did not affect the size of the resulting particles, however, led to their aggregation increase. As a result, aggregated particles of almost spherical shape with a fairly narrow size distribution were obtained. With an increase the of the synthesis duration the length of the nanowires increases significantly, in contrast to their diameter. At the synthesis duration of 1 h, the particles have the form of nanowires with a length of 5-10 mm and are composed of nanoparticles with a size from 50 to 100 nm.