Problems of the Soot Formation in Exhausts of Internal Combustion Engines. Soot Abatement by Oxidation on Cu-Containing ZSM-5 Catalysts (Minireview)
SVETLANA A. YASHNIK1, ZINFER R. ISMAGILOV1,2
1Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Institute of Coal Chemistry and Material Science, Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russia
Keywords: soot, diesel exhaust, diesel oxidation catalyst, Cu-ZSM-5
Abstract
Diesel engines are responsible for emission of particulate matters in industrial cities. Soot particles or particulate matters in diesel exhausts contain solid carbon, adsorbed organic compounds from the unburned fuel and products of its partial oxidation, as well as inorganic compounds, e. g ., sulphate ions, water and incombustible mineral residue. Soot has a strong affect on ecology in general and on human population health. This minireview presents the information on the state of the art for soot removal from diesel exhausts, as well as the modern trends and recommendations. Soot particles can be removed from diesel exhausts using coagulation and precipitation methods, which do not have required efficiency. Application of soot filters with catalytic coating is known to be more effective. Pt-based catalytic washcoats ensure soot oxidation by oxygen at 550-650 °C. NO x addition makes it possible to decrease the soot oxidation temperature to 300-400 °C over Pt catalysts and Cu-containing zeolites.
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