Estimation of factors determining formation of the urban heat island in Tomsk
N.V. Dudorova, B.D. Belan
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia
Keywords: интенсивность городского острова тепла, тепловой баланс подстилающей поверхности, потоки тепла и радиации, intensity of urban heat island, heat balance of the underlying surface, heat and radiation flows
Abstract
The relative contribution of different factors into formation of the urban heat island in Tomsk is estimated. It is shown that the key factors are anthropogenic heat emissions (80-90% in winter and 40-50% in summer) and absorption of short-wavelength radiation by the urban underlying surface (5-15% in winter and 40-50% in summer), while the absorption of long-wavelength radiation by the underlying surface, absorption by moisture and admixtures, and heat loss on the evaporation contribute insignificantly. It is shown that the turbulent heat flow prevents a linear increase in the intensity of the urban heat island with an increase in the sum of radiation fluxes that ensure the energy income into the heat island region. Due to an increase in the turbulent heat flow in Tomsk, 40-50% of the absorbed energy is carried over in summer and 20-30% in winter. An equation is suggested that allows calculation of the heat island intensity in different seasons, time, and under different atmospheric conditions from weather parameters measured at a stationary site.
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