Focalization of Deformation and Prognostibility of Rock Failure
L. B. ZUEV1,2, S. A. BARANNIKOVA1,2,3, M. V. NADEZHKIN1,4, V. V. GORBATENKO1
1Institute of Physics of Strength and Material Science Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademicheskii 2/4, Tomsk, 634055 Russia
2National Research Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
3Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, pl. Solyanaya 2, Tomsk, 634003 Russia
4National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, pr. Lenina 30, Tomsk 634050 Russia
Keywords: деформация, разрушение, горные породы, локализация, автоволны, deformation, failure, rocks, focalization, self-sustained structures
Abstract
The general regular patterns in focalization of deformation at pre-failure stage in rocks under compression are found and analyzed (sylvinite, marble sandstone). Applicability of speckle-photography methods in problems on rock deformation and failure is proved. The authors define the self-sustained behavior of the focalized plastic deformation in rocks under compression, due to effect of various plastic micromechanisms. The self-sustained structures in rock specimens under compression propagate at a rate of ~ 10-5 ÷ 10-4 m/s (0.3-3 km/yr), which is close to slow motions induced in the earth crust by an earthquake or a rockburst. The ratio of the experimental and calculated failure times is correlated with the coordinates of the failure points in the test rock specimens.
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