Biochemical Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation under
Radiation Impact
E. P. KHRAMOVA1, G. I. VYSOCHINA1, O. V. TARASOV2, K. P. KOUTSENOGII3, E. I. KRYLOVA2, L. K. TRUBINA4 and S. YA. SYEVA5
1Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk (Russia)
2Mayak Production Association, Ozersk (Russia)
3Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk (Russia)
4Siberian State Academy of Geodesy, Novosibirsk (Russia)
5Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Altay Division, Chisty Lug Tract, Shebalino district, Kamlak Village (Russia)
Keywords: radiation impact, adaptation of plants, flavonoids, morphological characteristics, Pentaphylloides fruticosa
Pages: 257–265
Abstract
Radiation impact on plants Pentaphylloides
fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz has been studied. It has been established, that the
radiation factor pressure initiates adaptation processes affecting the growth
and development of plants, as well as physiological and biochemical
reorganization of the metabolic processes determining population existence in
a habitat. It is experimentally demonstrated that the biosynthesis of the total
content of flavonoids in Pentaphylloides fruticosa leaves is intensified under
radiation impact. It is revealed that the content of flavonols (both total and
in groups) in P. fruticosa leaves demonstrates a 2.3-fold increase as compared
to the reference, and at the same time the difference against the reference
increases with the increase in the contamin ation level. Individual flavonoid
components have been shown to form different types of response to radiation
influence in an organism. The content of hyperosyde, quercitrin and kaempferol
decreases with the increase in radiation contamin ation, the content of other
flavonoid components, on the contrary, increases. The qualitative flavonoid
content in leaves of both irradiated and reference plants remains constant.
Phenomen a of leaf surface reduction, a lengthwise decrease in the annual spear
and leafstalk gain, an increase in the number of leaves on a spear. It has been
found that with the increase in irradiation the differences against the
reference increased according to the majority of criteria. Different organs of
Pentaphylloides fruticosa exhibit different accumulative ability with respect
to radionuclides: the content of 90Sr in leaves is higher compared to that in
stems irrespective of the level of contamin ation, whereas for 137Cs such a
correlation is not observed.
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