Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2025 number 4

In connection with the critical revision of the species of the genus Hackelia Opiz within Eurasia, herbarium materials in the collections stored in the Herbariums of LE, MW, NSK, NS, TK, ALTB, AA, TAD, as well as virtual collections posted on the aggregator Global plants on JSTOR were studied. The analysis of morphological, karyological, palynomorphological, carpological characters and the results of molecular genetic studies showed that nine species of the genus Hackelia from three sections are found in Eurasia. The revision allowed us to identify changes in the taxonomy and distribution of species of the genus Hackelia, describe a new section Popovia Ovczinnikova, validate the name of the section Macrophylla Lian et J.Q. Wang ex Ovczinnikova, describe a new species for science H. lipschitzii Ovczinnikova from the Republic of Tajikistan, and cite new localities of the discussed species. H. deflexa (Walenb.) Opiz is recorded for the first time for the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China, it is shown that H. thymifolia (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst. is limited in its distribution to Northern and Central Asia, and does not grow in the Pamirs. The Pamir plants are described as a new species. The synopsis for all taxa includes: nomenclatural citation, information on type specimens and new localities, data on ecological features and distribution, range maps for 3 species, a key to identifying sections and species. The lectotype of name Myosotis deflexa Walenb. is designated. The description of H. lipschitzii includes a diagnosis, a comparative table of diagnostic features of the new species and other species of the genus, the main features of the eremocarps are illustrated in the figure, and a photograph of the holotype is provided. In discussing the taxonomy of the genus within the full range, a new nomenclatural combination of the species H. torvum (Dimon et M.A.M. Renner) Ovczinnikova from Australia is proposed.

The article presents the results of observations for peculiarities in natural revegetation of opencast spoil tips in the arid zones of the Republic of Khakassia. Research into the structure and productivity of pioneer plant communities was conducted for five years on various elements of mesorelief of 10-year-old opencast spoil tips of Chernogorsky Coal Mine. The research shows that primary successions have a herbaceous type of vegetation. 24 species of vascular plants are present, 87 % of them are native. On dump slopes of different aspects dominating species are forbs ( Salsola collina , Sonchus arvensis , Teloxys aristata , Erysimum cheiranthoides etc.) or Poaceae ( Calamagrostis epigeios and Hordeum jubatum ). The vertical structure exibits a near-surface type of distribution; the herbage height is lower than in zonal communities. The productivity of pioneer communities (maximal values 0.7 ± 1.6 t/ha are observed on the plateau) is lower than that of aboriginal bunch grass steppes. The above-ground phytomass predominates over the under-ground phytomass in all parts of the study site. The plant communities after 10 years of revegetation remain in an initial stage of restoration and differ in the composition and structure from the zonal communities.

The analysis of the ontogenetic composition and demographic parameters of two cenopopulations (CP) of Myricaria bracteata Royle in the bed of the rivers in Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. The studied coenopopulations of M. bracteata reflect the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the process of population development during overgrowth of the winding river banks. It is established that the ontogenetic structure and density of individuals depends on the degree of formation of phytocenosis and abiotic factors, as well as on anthropogenic impact. Depending on floodplain width, free space and phytocoenotic environment, the ontogenetic spectrum of CP changes from left-sided incomplete to right-sided incomplete. The type and stability of CP changes in the series: unstable invasive (in a narrow floodplain) successive transitional young normal mature normal stable (in a wide floodplain).

The aim of the study is to establish the origin of cenoflores of selected syntaxons on the basis of geographical analysis, to determine the contribution of each of them to the formation of mountain-meadow vegetation and to outline the ways of its possible development. The botanical and geographical analysis was based on the scheme of geographical elements developed by N.N. Portenier for the Caucasus flora. Three syntaxons, ecologically and disturbance contrasting, were studied, described in the “Prielbrusie” National Park (NP) and the Kabardino-Balkar High Mountain Reserve (KBHMR). The composition of the leading syntaxon families reflects the presence of boreal (Poaceae) and Mediterranean (Fabaceae, Lamiaceae) flora, which is typical of the Caucasian flora as a whole. The cenoflora of the subassociation Betonici macranthae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae Bistortetosum carnea Tsepkova 2016 comprises 86 species, 73 genera and 27 families. The leading families are Fabaceae (13.9 % of the syntaxon’s species), Asteraceae (11.6 %) and - (9.3 %). The Artemisio chamaemelifoliae-Plantaginetum atratae Tsepkova 2005 cenoflora contains 30 species, 27 genera and 14 families. The families Fabaceae and Lamiaceae each account for 16.7 % of the flora, and the families Asteraceae , Poaceae - 13.3 % each. The Rosaceae family is absent. In the association Ranunculo grandiflori-Hordeetum violacei Tsepkova 2016, 40 species of 35 genera and 15 families have been recorded. In terms of the number of species, the Asteraceae are in first place with 25 %, the Fabaceae and the Fabaceae families. Asteraceae - 25 %, Fabaceae and Poaceae - 15 %. The family Lamiaceae is absent. According to the scheme of geographical elements proposed for vascular plants by N.N. Portenier in the subassociation Betonici macranthae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae Bistortetosum carnea 12 geoelements were identified. In the association Artemisio chamaemelifoliae-Plantaginetum atratae - 6 geoelements. Both communities are dominated by Caucasian geoelement (39.5 % and 26.7 %, respectively). The communities of the Ranunculo grandiflori-Hordeetum violacei association are represented by 9 geoelements. They are characterised by the predominance of Palaearctic geoelement (30.0 %), which may indicate the migratory character of the flora.

The article presents information on the current state of populations and abundance of the endemic species of the Eastern Caucasus flora Rhaponticoides razdorskyi (Karjagin ex Sosn.) M.V. Agab. et Greuter (Asteraceae). The altitudinal limits of the species distribution are from 200 to 600 m above sea level. The area of populations known in Russia ranges from 0.2 ha to 300.0 ha, the number of individuals per 100 m² is from 43 to 225. It was found that Rh. razdorskyi prefers slopes of southern and adjacent exposures with sparse vegetation on rocky soils. The main type of vegetation in which the species is found are mountain steppe communities with a predominance of cereals. According to the IUCN criteria, the conservation status of the species is defined as EN B2ab(iii).

Antimicrobial activity of aqueous-ethanol plant extracts of Сomarum salesovianum and Artemisia obtusiloba against collection pathogenic gram-positive strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus against collection pathogenic Gram-positive strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans , Gram-negative bacteria Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli , and - relatively ten bacterial aerosols that are also characterized with the ability to cause infectious diseases. For the extraction were used leaves, roots, stems and fruits of the plants. The high antimicrobial activity of the studied extracts has been established not only for Gram-positive microorganisms, but also for a number of Gram-negative bacteria, for which resistance to many antimicrobial compounds is known. The lowest activity or lack thereof with respect to the test strains of microorganisms used were observed for variants with using plant root extracts.