Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2023 number 4

The dynamics of the total population of Siberia and changes in age groups by working capacity are considered. Attention is focused on a significant reduction in the working-age population and an increase in the number in the group older than working age. The dynamics of coefficients of three types of demographic load is analyzed: potential (children), pension and general - over a twenty-year period. It is shown that since 2000, the coefficients of the potential load on the territory of Siberia have increased by 16 %, and the pension load by 23 %. Significant territorial disproportions in the coefficients of general demographic load were revealed, and the difference between the minimum and maximum values in the context of regions is 1,5 times. It has been established that the minimum loads are typical for the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra (KhMAO-Yugra) and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YaNAO) as centers of attraction for the young able-bodied population; the maximum values of the demographic load are recorded in regions with a high proportion of children in the population structure: in the Republics of Tyva and Altai as well as in regions characterized by population aging, namely in Altai krai, Kemerovo oblast, and Omsk oblast. The problem of the demographic potential of the regions is considered through the indicator of the value of the potential demographic load. The maximum exceedance of the load of children over the load of pensioners (by 67 %) was revealed in the Republic of Tyva. The maximum exceedance of the load of pensioners over the load of children (by 43 %) was noted in Altai krai. The influence of regional socio-economic factors on the formation of the demographic load indicator is emphasized: the level of fertility and mortality, migration activity, the influx of able-bodied population, and population aging.