Alkali-resistant filamentous fungi of the coastal zone of the Dauria saline lakes
M. L. Georgieva1, S. A. Bondarenko2, N. N. Markelova1, E. N. Bilanenko2
1Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Moscow, Russia
2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: Sodiomyces, Emericellopsis, Neocamarosporium, Pleosporales, alkaline soils, saline soils, alkaliphilic fungi, alkalitolerant fungi
Abstract
The study of alkali-resistant fungi was carried out for the first time on the coast of saline lakes in the south of the Trans-Baikal region on the territory of the Daursky Biosphere Reserve (lakes Zun-Torey, Khangei). Indicated changes in the structure of the community of alkali-resistant ascomycetes depended on local conditions. The coast of Khangei was devoid of halophites, but with a high content of Artemia eggs and was characterized by the absolute dominance of the alkaliphilic ascomycete Sodiomyces alkalinus (100 % occurrence) and Emericellopsis alkalina (80 %), with a minimum diversity of other fungi. S. alkalinus predominated (100 %) on the coast of Lake Zun-Torey in damp places without plants. Dark-colored fungi from Dothideomycetes (Alternaria, Neocamarosporium, etc.) predominated in the alkaline soil samples of this lake not far from the halophites, the occurrence of E. alkalina was 60 %, and S. alkalinus was not found here, but the high occurrence was shown for the other species from Plectosphaerellaceae (Chordomyces, Gibellulopsis). The distribution, substrate preferences, and functional roles of alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant fungi in extreme natural habitats with soda salinity are discussed in this paper.
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