Home – Home – Jornals – Contemporary Problems of Ecology 2023 number 2

Changes in the seasonal development of lilac species in the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute (Ufa, Russia) are analyzed according to data for 2005-2010 and 2015-2020. The objects of research were 11 species of lilacs that have reached the generative phase; all types of lilacs are grown from seeds obtained from other botanical gardens in the 50-60s. last century. Phenological observations of lilac species are carried out annually in 9 phenological phases. The onset of the initial (opening of the buds and the beginning of the growth of shoots) and the final (leaf fall) phases of the growing season largely depends on the weather conditions of a particular year. At the same time, the role of species (genetic) features at the beginning of seasonal development is insignificant (species begin to vegetate together), while, starting from the flowering phenophase until the end of the growing season, this role increases significantly. The significance of interannual differences in the middle of the growing season fades into the background. Such characteristics of development phenorhythms as the duration of flowering and the duration of the growing season continue to be dependent on fluctuations in weather conditions in different years. The sequence of the passage of phenophases by different species from year to year is preserved. Compared with the first decade of the 21st century, in the second decade, the start of the growing season became later (by 4 days on average), and the end of the growing season became earlier (by 8 days on average); the timing of the beginning of flowering also shifted by 4 days on average towards late dates. The duration of flowering of lilac species in 2015-2020 decreased by 5-6 days compared to the period of 2005-2010. The duration of the growing season was reduced by 12 days on average. All these phenomena are caused, obviously, with changes in the climatic parameters of the Bashkir Cis-Urals.