Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2022 number 4

The problem of significant territorial differentiation of the demographic rates in Siberian regions is considered. The relevance of the topic is determined by significant interregional disparities in socio-economical development, and in the level and quality of life of the population of the Siberian macroregion. The socio-demographic potential was evaluated by using different statistical rates of population reproduction. The rating of 16 regions of Siberia was formed according to 10 demographic rates, on the basis of which the grouping of the Siberian territory by favorableness of the socio-demographical potential was prepared. Significant territorial disparities in the coefficients of natural and migration growth, infant mortality, demographic loads, average age, and the proportion of men and women in the structure of population were revealed. The northern Siberian resource regions with attractive economic conditions for the population were given the rate of “favorable”: Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tyumen oblast, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The group with the rate of “conditionally favorable” includes the regions with similar demographic processes: the Republics of Tyva, Buryatia and Altai. The regions with a low level of quality of life and natural and migration decrease of population received the rate of “unfavorable”: Kemerovo oblast, Altai krai, and Omsk oblast. A relationship between the identified types of population reproduction and the rate of demographic potential of the Siberian territory was revealed and cartographically visualized. It was established that the territories occupied by indigenous peoples are characterized by a significant role played in the population reproduction by specific features of demographic behavior: lower percentage of divorces, younger age of mothers giving birth to the first children, and the orientation toward families. It is concluded that economic factors, such as the size of salary and regional domestic product, are basic for forming the territorial disparities of the socio-demographic potential of Siberia.