ASSESSING LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES IN THE SURROUNDINGS OF THE VILLAGE OF DAVSHA (BARGUZIN NATURE RESERVE, REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA) AND PLANNING OF EDUCATIONAL TOURISM
E.V. Bukharova1, E.A. Rasputina2, O.G. Lopatovskaya3, N.M. Luzhkova1,4
1Zapovednoe Podlemorie, Ust-Barguzin,Russia
2V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
3Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
4V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk,Russia
Keywords: comprehensive field research, geobotanical descriptions, soil cover, progressive successions, landscape mapping, automatic classification of satellite images
Abstract
This article provides the description and maping of landscape complexes in Davsha Bay (Barguzin nature reserve) and an assessment of their disturbance caused by anthropogenic and pyrogenic factors. The landscape map chart of the territory was obtained by using Landsat images and an automatic classification by the method of maximum likelihood as well as the method of factoral-dynamic classification. As a result, we singled out four classes and ten groups of facies pertaining to the mountain-taiga Baikal-Dzhugdzhur and southern-Siberian classes of geoms. On southern and southwestern slopes of the second Baikal terrace there occur mixed forests of common pine, drooping birch, Siberian stone pine and larch on podzol soils. The western slopes and the first Baikal planation terrace are covered by low-quality larch forests characteristic for the pseudo-subgoletz subbelt as well as by Siberian stone pine-larch forests on poor sod-podzol soils. In conditions of sufficient humidity and well-drained soils on the steep north-western slopes and in the flat-interfluve portion of the ridges of capes there occurs a true dark-coniferous taiga of Siberian stone pine with the inclusion of Siberian fir and a mature shrub layer on burozem soils. The overwash zone is occupied by psammosteppes with the inclusion of plant species registered in the Red Data Book. In the surroundings of the village of Davsha, the 1961 and 2015 crown and ground fires damaged, to a different extent, pine and Siberian stone pine-larch forests in the northern part of the bay. Numerical scores of landscapes, the construction of the matrix and identification of the zones of possibilities and limitations of infrastructuring the various classes of trains showed the transport and engineering advantages of the creation of ecotrails of class 2 (hiking) and 3 (walking). With an increase in the flow of visitors within the village of Davsha, it is suggested that the class of trails should be increased from 3 (walking) to 4 (excursion) in order to decrease the anthropogenic impact.
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