Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2016 number 2

In the article the data on 20 species of gasteromycetes of the Altai-Sayan mountain-region is presented, out of them 17 species are new for the region, 11 species have been registered in the Sibеria for the first time, 2 species is new for Russia. New locations of the gasteromycetes species that are considered rare for Russia and Siberia have also been registered.

Materials on portion of Scots pine trees with different color of seeds in the some regions on South Siberia and Mongolia are adduced. It is marked, that interest for color seed vaces at the last years in connection with the fact that phens of the color layers of this species are exposed. Combination of different phens is characteristic feature of separate individual marked her genotype. Peculiarities of the progenies of color seeds races Scots pine are analyzed. A conclusion is drawn on prevalence in the populations of the individuals with dark seeds and best growth of progenies these individuals as well. The absence of trees with light seeds and correspondingly the lowering of intrapopulation diversity on color of seeds are characterized by the populations growing in the more hard conditions. Quantitative indices of seeds (weight of seeds, germination energy, technical germination ability) of progenies trees with different color of seeds aren’t differed considerable. The progenies of trees with light seeds are less viable and eliminated in the different stages of growth and development. The survival of the progenies trees with different color of seeds at the age of (22, 42, 49 years) was practical equally. In the Asiatic part of the area Scots pine (Siberia, Mongolia) the individuals with dark seeds prevail and south regions and north regions.

The article contains information about the type materials of 9 taxa of the genus Papaver L. ( Papaveraceae ) kept in M.G. Popov Herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS (NSK). In collections 46 type specimens were found, including the 1 lectotypus and 1 isolectotypus, 3 holotypes, 2 isotypes, and 39 paratypes. Typical specimens of two taxons saved in the herbarium LE and NS are cited. The type category is indicated, text of the original label and text of protologue are cited for each specimen. Subspecies name of P. pulvinatum subsp. lenaense Tolm. ex O.D. Nikif. and variety name of P. jacuticum var. atrofuscum Peshkova ex O.D. Nikif. were validated.

The original material of J. Mäyer by Geranium pseudosibiricum was found in the Herbarium of Botanica Museum Nationale Pragae (PR). The lectotype of Geranium pseudosibiricum is designated, original labels and protologue are cited.

Plant communities with Fornicium unifl orum (L.) Zuev have been analyzed. Studied species characterized by wide ecological range and grew in meadow and typical steppes, light-coniferous forest. High constancy is observed in meadow steppes with dominating of Filifolium sibiricum , Carex pediformis and Stipa baicalensis. DCA-ordination revealed differences between main types of plant communities with F. unifl orum , described fl oristic diff erence of Western and Eastern Transbaikalia phytocoenoses. Eco-topological models showed that plant communities on fl at slopes characterized by high species richness and vegetation projective cover. Studied coenopopulations has unsufficient and bimodal age spectra. High number of species individuals after steppe fires can be connected with decrease of species competition that lead to active occupation of territory by F. unifl orum .

The annotated synopsis of the subtribe Cichoriinae including one genus: Cichorium L. (1 species) and the distribution of species in the administrative regions of Asian Russia are given.

The comparative analysis of realized ecological niches of populations of Hordeum jubatum L. ( Poaceae ), native species in the North of the Russian Far East and Alaska (USA), widely distributed as adventive and in many areas as invasive plant species in moderate zone of the North America and Eurasia, demonstrated the signifi cant restriction of ecological niches in the secondary distribution area, in comparison with primary one. Th e diff erence between realized ecological niches in the primary geographic distribution and the secondary one we consider to be a measure of the species ecological and coenotic capacity, and, being applicapable to invasive species, it would be the measure of invasive capacity of the species. It can be measured by grades of ecological scales or percent of their maximal meaning and it can be used for monitoring and forecasting purposes. The invasive capacity of Hordeum jubatum permits to enlarge its geographic distribution firstly in continental part of the Russian Far East and further in the cost.

Characteristic features of zonal coniferous forests of West Siberian southern taiga are described based on published and original data. These communities are considered as hemiboreal forests in range of separate order Carici macrourae - Abietetalia sibiricae Lashchinskiy et Korolyuk ex hoc loco. Th ere specific features are shown in comparison with mountain analogies from Southern Urals and Altai.

Flavonoid composition of the leaves of Spiraea media var. media Schmidt (7 populations) and S. media var. sericea (Turcz.) Regel (2 populations) were studied. Contents of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin in hydrolysates were determined, and quercetin, kaempferol, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, astragalin, isorhamnetin 3-rutinoside in extracts were done. Largest number of flavonoid compounds was found in extracts of S. media var. media from natural population in the Olyokminsky district in the Yakutia (33 compounds), its smallest number was found in the extracts of S. media var. sericea from the Olginsky district in the Primorsky Krai (18 compounds). Populations of S. media var. media differ in the predominant constituents. In its permanent constituents 12 fl avonol glycosides were revealed, including hyperoside, astragalin and isorhamnetin 3-rutinoside. Specifi c constituents for S. media var. sericea were not found, in its permanent constituents 14 flavonol glycosides were revealed, including hyperoside, isoquercitrin and avicularin. The absence of isorhamnetin glycosides in the leaves of S. media var. sericea from the Olginsky district in the Primorsky Krai is indicated the possible membership of similar populations of separate species S. sericea .

Research on antiviral activity concerning a virus of flu of the subtypes A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) (person) and A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) (birds) at 70 species of plants 47 genera of 14 botanical families from natural flora of Southwest Siberia is conducted. Species possessing by activity of different degree concerning each of fl u virus subtypes are revealed. High antiviral activity was found in extracts of 16 species which can be recommended for more profound studying as basic at creation of antiviral phytopreparations concerning a virus of fl u of the person and birds, besides it is necessary to consider the taxonomical provision, extraction type, a phase of development and part or organ of plant.

Results of long-term introduction of 13 genus of rare beautiful-flowering of shrubs in Botanical Garden of Ufa city are presented. The detailed morphological characteristic of each taxon is given, data on seasonal cycle of development are presented. Recommendations about reproduction of presented species and sorts and agrotechnology of their cultivation under the conditions of Bashkir Cis-Urals are off ered.