Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2017 number 2

The characteristics of rare species of gasteroid basidiomycetes which recommended for inclusion in the new edition of Red Book of Russia and discussed in the framework of the Global Fungal Red List Initiative are listed. In total 6 species of gasteromycetes are described: Bovista acuminata (Bosc) Kreisee, B. paludosa Lév. , Gastrosporium simplex Mattir., Geastrum hungaricum Hollós, G. pseudolimbatum Hollós, Phellorinia herculeana (Pallas:Pers.) Kreisel. The article provides detailed information on the distribution of the listed gasteromycetes in Russia and around the world, outlines the key threats and specifies the category. Two species discussed in the Initiative ( Ge astrum pouzarii V.J. Stanék, Myriostoma coliforme (Dicks.) Corda) are excluded from the analysis as fairly common for Russia. Additionally, authors presents arguments for changing of the category for two species included in Red Book of Russia. Namely, we recommending to exclude Dictyophora duplicata (Bosc) E. Fisch. from red list and category changing for Geastrum fornicatum (Huds.) Hook. с 3 до 5.

The spatial organization of the assimilative tissue in the glumes at festucoid grasses on the example of 12 species of wild-growing plants is investigated. The basic form of assimilative cells and their location in space of glumes are considered. It is shown that the assimilative cells of leaf blades differ from the corresponding cells of glumes diff er mainly in smaller sizes and complicated spatial configurations, up to formation of the forms having complex projections in two directions. The tendency to strengthening of shadow features in the structural organisation of chlorophyll-containing parenchyma is traced, that is caused by increase in a share of the cells which are carrying out a role of a spongy tissue.

Authentic morphological characteristics of plants of Onobrychis miniata Stev. have been determined. Th ey allow to the differentiation of age condition. O. miniata are characterized by the monocentric biomorph type. Compiled age spectra of populations of the species growing in different ecological and cenotic conditions of the Crimean Peninsula. Most studied coenopopulations O. miniata are polnochlennymi definitive mature or young.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the developmental, vitality and spatial structure of four coenotic populations of G. monophylla in a desert steppes north-western Mongolia. All studied species coenopopulations are not complete and definitive, normal, mature, have a bimodal developmental spectrum with peaks at g₁ (v)- and g₃-individuals. Changes in the structure of the ontogenetic spectrum (increasing the share of young plants) depend mainly on the environmental conditions and the degree of human disturbance of habitats - on the rocky slopes and with a decrease in pasture digression creates more favorable conditions for the survival of juveniles. Vitality type of the coenopopulations varies from prosperous to depressed. Spatial distribution of individuals is a contagious type. Due to the long period of generative G. monophylla in successfully renewed and there are stable for long periods in extreme conditions of desert steppes with high pasture digression.

Analysis of the labels, maps and manuscript describing of the route by K.A. Sobolevskaya suggest that the type specimens of Saussurea ceterachifolia Lipsch., on the base of which this species is included in the Red Data Book of Tyva Republic and the Red Data Book of Russian Federation, could be collected on the territory of Mongolia not far from the state border.

Ontomorphogenesis of Allium macleanii J.G. Baker individuals was studied in the mountains of Central Tajikistan. The structure of the bulbs was described in the ontogeny of the individual. Ontogenetic structure of four coenopopulations was characterized. It was found that all coenopopulations are not complete and the young. Th e sharp drop of the generative individuals number was connected with the intensive anthropogenic infl uence, namely the harvesting of bulbs of the local population.

Special review dedicated to alpine flora of Tukuringra Range was published more than forteen years ago. Presented study updates and summarizes information about alpine flora of this area. Based on original field data, collections and literature annotated check-list counted 143 species was made. Carex brunnescens , C. magellanica subsp. irrigua , Lycopodium juniperoideum , Salix divaricata subsp. kalarica founded at first time on Tukuringra Range. Classification of alpine plants habitats was compiled, floristic analysis was done.

The syntaxonomical diversity of two forest classes in Burla ribbon pine forest was described on the base of big set of original data. 6 new syntaxa are described. Pyrolo-Pinetea class is near its northern limit and presented by one association with some features intermediate with Vaccinio-Piceetea communities. Plant communities from Vac cinio-Piceetea class predominate in vegetation and are presented by five associations different by their habitats. Spatial distribution of syntaxa according to the position in relief and forest massif structure was given.

Antibiotic activity of 28 species of the plants belonging to 24 genera of 10 botanical families concerning 3 strains of the gram-positive, 5 strains of the gram-negative bacteria and strain of yeast-like fungus Candida albicans is studied. Plants with high antibiotic activity (6 species of 6 genera of 5 families) are selected. It is shown that bactericidal, baсteriostatic, fungicide and fungiostatic properties of water and water-ethanol extracts of plants concerning each of the explored pathogens depend on the taxonomical membership of species, type of extraction, phase of development and part or organ of plants.

The results of introduction of rare species of herbaceous plants in the south of the Amur region are presented. Phenological types and features of the plant biology were studied. Of the 44 species tested only 2 species ( Adlumia asiatica , Angelica anomala ) are monocarpic biennials, and the rest are perennials. The majority of tested species successfully adapted to the introduction conditions as well as passed through the entire cycle of ontogenetic development and produced mature seeds.