Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2018 number 1

In the result of revision of herbarium materials and literature data of genus Euphrasia from Yakutia it was clarifi ed that in Yakutia 6 species of this genus grow. Morphological characters and ecological affinity were analysed and area of each species was specified. Characters of pubescence and form of bracts have diagnostical value. Conspectus and key for species determination are presented.

Nine studied cenotic populations endemic highlands of southern Siberia Hedysarum austrosibiricum in diff erent growing conditions of the Altai Mountains in the Kuznetsky Alatau. The estimation of the state cenotic populations located in the subalpine and alpine zones of vegetation on a complex organism and population characteristics. Revealed a tolerant type of population strategy.

Demography and condition of rare and endemic Oxytropis species in Priol’khonye steppes have been studied. Most of the studied populations are complete, definitive, normal, mature with monomodal or bimodal left -sided ontogenic spectra. The analysis of the cenopopulations state showed that moderate grazing does not aff ect them. Under overgrazing ontogenic spectrum is usually right-handed, cenopopulations become not complete, density of individuals decrease, and declining populations acquire other regressive features. It can be concluded that all studied Oxytropis species are vulnerable because of the small size of their populations. One of the main reasons, in addition to a sharp decline of population size due to demographic fluctuations and natural disasters, is the emergence of a number of genetic problems caused by the loss of genetic diversity, inbreeding and genetic drift . In this connection it is necessary to study the genetic diversity of rare endemic Oxytropis species and implement the regular monitoring of their populations.

The results of the investigation of four cenopopulations of Leonurus glaucescens Bunge in the Altai region, Mountain Altai, Kazakhstan are presented. Ontogenesis of the main root caudex life form was studied. Th e main structural individual unit of an adult individual is a monocyclic monocarpic elongated shoot. Under the condition of moderate moistening L. glaucescens is polycarpic in the steppe meadows and steppe communities. Under the condition shallow groundwater L. glaucescens is oligocarpic. The Kazakhstan cenopopulation is distinguished from all studied cenopopulations. On the development of the aboveground part it’s individuals are inferior the individuals of other habitats. In the cenopopulations, a left-sided ontogenetic spectrum with an absolute maximum on the group of immature plants is noted, which indicates a successful seed renewal of the species

Flora and vegetation of geological and geomorphological nature sanctuary of Korsak-Bas (Orenburg region) was studied for the first time. The occurrence of 114 vascular plants species in 25 families and in 71 genera was recorded. Seven endangered species included in red lists were noted: Iris pumila , Stipa zalesskii , Tulipa gesneriana are protected at the federal rank; Allium inderiense , Anabasis salsa , Scorzonera tuberosa and Tulipa bifl ora - on regional. Vegetation of Korsak-Bas is presented by 3 communities and 1 association. Low-specific halophyte and petrophyte communities with the considerable proportion of ephemer and annual plants are distributed on a clay, crushed stone slopes with strong insolation ( Anabasis salsa , Atraphaxis replicata-Artemisia lessingiana ). Сommunities of Ferula caspica-Kochia prostrata are a typical for more leveled bottom. Northern slopes are occupied by herb feather-grass steppes of Amorio montanae-Stipetum rubentis association. Vegetation of Korsak-Bas represents the southern modification of dry steppes and their saline variants, distributed in adjacent arid regions of Northern Kazakhstan.

Floristic classification of the vegetation of the subalpine belt of Kuznetsky Alatau belonging to the class Mulgedio-Aconitetea Hadač et Klika et Hadač 1944 is presented in the article. Mulgedio-Aconitetea is a zonal class of vegetation the area of which covers the boreal holarctic. In the subalpine belt of Kuznetsky Alatau it is represented by tall-forb and meadow phytocenoses, in a complex with krummholz and shrub communities. In the research territory 10 associations, 2 subassociations and 1 community, relating to two orders were revealed: Trollio- Crepidetalia sibiricae and Schulzio crinitae-Aquilegietalia glandulosae . Among them three associations Aquilegio glandulosae-Phleetum alpini , Doronico altaici-Veratretum lobeliani , Erytronio sibirici-Stemmacanthetum carthamoidis and one subassociation E . s .- S . c . ranunculetosum propinqui are have been described for the first time. For identification of ecological regularities of vegetation, formation of the class Mulgedio-Aconitetea of the subalpine belt of Kuznetsky Alatau DCA-ordination of geobotanical descriptions was carried out.

Syntaxonomical diversity of forest and meadow vegetation of Burla ribbon pine forest area was described on the base of big set of original data. Forest vegetation consists of eight syntaxa from the four vegetation classes. Two syntaxa are firstly described. Meadow vegetation is represented by six syntaxa from two vegetation classes. Th ree syntaxa are newly described. Spatial distribution of syntaxa was given according to the position in relief and forest massif structure.

The variability of storage endosperm proteins, histon H1 and sequences of Internal transcribed spacers ITS1-5.8S ITS2 of nuclear rDNA and plastid matK of cpDNA in two species of the genus Leymus has been explored, the analysis of their phylogenetic relationships has been carried out. The results confirm the specific independence of L. ramosus (Trin.) Tzvel. and L. chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.

Аntimicrobic activity water and water-ethanol extracts of 14 species of medicinal herbs concerning 9 test-strains of pathogenic microorganisms was investigated. Extracts Monarda fi stulosa L., Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., Filipendu la ulmaria (L.) Maxim, Bistorta offi cinalis Delarbre, Lythrum virgatum L. had selective activity of high degree against the grampositive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecium , Bacillus subtilis , the gramnegative bacteria Escherichia coli , Proteus mirabilis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella typhimurium , Shigella sonnei and strain of Candida albicans . The received results can be used during creation of antimicrobic means of natural origin.

The article deals with information on the history of creation of the mycologic herbarium in Central Siberian Botanical Garden, its current status, structure, number of specimens, replenishment and use of it. The goal and tasks of the mycologic herbarium of CSBG, its practical importance and prospects of development are determined.