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Fundamental and applied issues of mining

2020 year, number 2

1.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STATE OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE FORMER SLUDGE SUMP AND THE SURROUNDING AREA FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF FIRES OF EXOGENOUS OR ENDOGENOUS OCCURRENCE

A. A. Eremenko, V. N. Koltyshev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Sludge sump, endogenous and exogenous fire, samples, well drilling

Abstract >>
Studies were carried out to determine the causes of periodic fires on the territory of the former sludge sump in Kuzbass. Using various methods for evaluating rock mass and core drilling samples, the causes of exogenous and endogenous fires in different time periods were determined.



2.
ANALYSIS OF EXPLOSION EFFECTS ON UNDERGROUND MINE WORKINGS OF THE MAGNEZITOVAYA MINE

V. A. Kutuev, P. V. Menshikov, S. N. Zharikov
Institute of Mining, the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Keywords: Seismic effect of an explosion, blasting operations, seismic recorders, industrial safety, safe distances, peak vibration velocity, permissible vibration velocity, seismic stability

Abstract >>
The seismic effect of man-induced explosions on underground mine workings of the Magnezitovaya mine was assessed. The seismic stability of rocks in the Magnezitovaya mine was determined and safe distances from man-induced explosions were calculated based on the permissible seismic effect for rocks. To establish the dynamic impact on the workings, the URAN and Minimate Plus seismic recorders with three-component seismic receivers were used. As a result of comparison of the calculated values and the results of experimental measurements, recommendations are given for setting a limit on the mass of explosives in the deceleration stage at the level of minimum dangerous values during man-made explosions in an underground mine.



3.
CURRENT STATE OF RUSSIAN COAL MINING ENTERPRISES AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

P. M. Manikovsky, G. P. Sidorova
Transbaikal State University, Mining Department, Chita, Russia
Keywords: Analysis, coal industry, forecast, digital technologies, coal quality and safety

Abstract >>
The article presents an analytical review of the current state of the Russian coal industry and discusses the problem of mathematical modeling and digital technologies in coal quality management and risk reduction.



4.
GRAPHICAL-ANALYTIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING ORE EXTRACTION PARAMETERS IN SUBLEVEL CAVING WITH FRONT RELEASE OF ORE

S. A. Neverov, A. A. Neverov, A. M. Nikolsky, A. I. Konurin, S. A. Shchukin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk Russia
Keywords: Mining system, release, sublevel height, methodology, losses, dilution

Abstract >>
A calculation method for determining the loss and dilution of ore for a typical variant of sublevel caving with layer-by-layer breaking is given. The results of analytical modeling of ore release for the most representative sublevel height in the practice of underground mining are presented



5.
IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE NEED TO IMPLEMENT TRANSITION PROCESSES OF BLASTHOLE DRILLING IN ROCK MASSES WITH COMPLEX STRUCTURE

A. S. Regotunov, R. I. Sukhov, D. A. Grashchenko
Institute of Mining of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Keywords: System, factors, transition processes, open-pit mine, blasthole drilling, measurement, equipment

Abstract >>
A new methodological approach is proposed to identify the effect of changing conditions on the performance of drilling operations of a mining enterprise using an open-pit method. Drilling is presented as a subsystem of the more general system called “mining enterprise”, the stability of which is affected by multiple factors. The first stage of implementing the proposed methodological approach to identify the factors of blasthole drilling determining the transition processes as necessary reactions of the “drilling operations” subsystem to adapt for changing conditions is described. The results of revealing the main factors which affect the stability of “drilling operations” subsystem at the level of blastholes at the pilot site of a mining enterprise are presented.



6.
RATIONAL USE OF QUARRY WATER WHEN MINING WATERED LIGNITE DEPOSITS IN THE KANSK-ACHINSK BASIN

A. V. Reznik
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Watered lignite deposit, process water reservoir, mined-out space, hydraulic mechanization

Abstract >>
Methods of quarry water disposal at domestic and foreign open-pit mines are considered, and it is found that mining of watered lignite deposits in the Kansk-Achinsk basin using traditional drainage methods is not quite efficient. A technology is proposed for mining a watered lignite deposit without draining it, which makes it possible to reduce unproductive costs for coal production and mitigate the negative effect of open-pit mining on the environment.



7.
FEATURES OF BLASTING BLOCKS IN THE AREA OF HIGHLY METHANE-BEARING COAL SEAMS

S. M. Tagiev
Explosive Production Facility Bogatsky LLC "KRU-Vzryvprom", Kemerovo, Russia
Keywords: Explosion, borehole, block, coal seam, methane, charge, mined rock

Abstract >>
The development of drilling and blasting operations at mining enterprises is considered. Drilling and blasting parameters have been developed for explosive breaking of blocks in highly methane-bearing coal seams. It is found that coal combustion after explosions occurred with abundant methane release from 0.25 to 0.37 m3/h.



8.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF PNEUMATIC IMPACT DEVICE WITH A REDUCED SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION OF COMPRESSED AIR

P. N. Tambovtsev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Pneumatic impact device, valve air distribution, experiments, operating cycle, pressure diagrams, compressed air consumption, impact energy

Abstract >>
The article presents the results of experimental studies of a pneumatic impact device, the air distribution system of which has two controlled chambers of compressed air and four valves. This pneumatic impact device has an efficient operating cycle with a reduced specific consumption of compressed air. The operating cycle of a laboratory prototype was investigated and its main operating parameters were determined: frequency and energy of impacts, compressed air consumption. A comparative analysis of experimental results with the results of numerical simulation is carried out.



9.
SAMPLE SIZE INFLUENCE ON STRESS-STRAIN PROPERTIES OF ROCKS

O. M. Usoltseva, P. A. Tsoi, V. N. Semenov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Scale factor, strength, Young’s modulus, modulus of decrease

Abstract >>
The results of an experimental study of the influence exerted by the sizes of samples of hornfels, limestone, sandstone, siltstone and ore-bearing rocks on their stress-strain properties are presented. Tests were performed on cylindrical samples of 10, 30, and 100 mm in diameter under uniaxial compression and tension. It is shown that ultimate strength decreases as the sizes of hornfels, limestone, sandstone, and siltstone samples increase. For rocks containing viscous inclusions, there is a slight increase in strength with increasing sample size. The samples of smaller size exhibit brittle failure for all types of rocks, and failure viscosity increases with increasing sample size. An explanation of the obtained patterns of change in stress-strain characteristics depending on rock tendency to viscous or brittle failure, its structural and textural inhomogeneity from the standpoint of two types of scale effect - volumetric and surface, is given.



10.
SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC IMPACT ON THE ROCK MASS COMPLICATED WITH A CAVITY AND TECTONIC DISTURBANCE BY DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD

G. N. Khan, E. P. Rusin
Chinakal Mining Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Discrete element method, tectonic heterogeneity, softened layer, charge, shock wave

Abstract >>
The effect of a blast on a rock mass complicated with a cavity and tectonic heterogeneity is considered. The heterogeneity is an extended softened rock layer located in the vicinity of the cavity. It is shown that this layer reduces the effectiveness of dynamic effect on the cavity. The dependence of cavity stability during the blast on thickness of the softened layer and strength properties of the rock mass is revealed.



11.
ESTIMATION OF COAL PERMEABILITY BY RESULTS OF FILTRATION EXPERIMENTS AND FRACTURE MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

T. V. Shilova, S. V. Serdyukov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Coal, cleat, permeability, anisotropy, stress state, occurrence depth

Abstract >>
The microstructural analysis of tested coal is performed. The fracture width and sizes of coal micro-blocks along cleats are determined. The laboratory filtration tests are carried out. The coal cleat compressibility and the dependence of coal permeability on hydrostatic stress are determined by the obtained results. The permeability anisotropy along beddings planes is estimated. The predicted dependences of coal permeability along face and butt cleats on occurrence depth are obtained for uniaxial strain conditions.



12.
HYDROCARBON STATE OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AFTER OIL SPILL

Yu. S. Glyaznetsova, I. N. Zueva, S. Kh. Lifshits, O. N. Chalaya
The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Bottom sediments, oil pollution, oil transformation, sorption, biochemical oxidation, asphaltic-resinous components

Abstract >>
The paper presents the results of many years of research on the transformation of oil pollution which spreaded to bottom sediments due to oil spill at one of the facilities of the oil and gas complex in the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The dynamics of changes in the content of chloroform extracted bitumens for the period from 2007 to 2017 is considered. The features of biodegradation of oil pollution based on the results of studying the chemical composition of bitumens are considered. It is found that in the absence of new oil spills for 11 years, the chemical composition of bitumens changed in the direction of approaching the composition of native organic matter by 2017. The composition is characterized by the presence of compounds typical for higher plant lipids: presence of high-molecular n-alkanes (nC23 - nC33), significant predominance of n-alkanes with an odd number of carbon atoms in the molecule, a high content of oxygen-containing groups and bonds in the chemical structure of bitumens. The performed studies showed that the hydrocarbon state of bottom sediments changed from typical oil pollution at the start of monitoring (2007) to the state typical for natural background (2017).



13.
IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS OF HIGH-MELTING HYDROCARBON SEPARATION FROM PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

Yu. L. Zotov, S. S. Rodin
Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
Keywords: Heat-exchange equipment, crystallization, paraffins, petroleum products, oil refining

Abstract >>
The article presents options of the implementation of separation processes of high-melting hydrocarbons from petroleum products, which make it possible to simplify the structure, optimize process flow diagrams and improve the quality of oil products.



14.
GEOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MATTER OF DEVONIAN DEPOSITS IN KOTELNY ISLAND (NEW SIBERIAN ISLANDS) AND SELENNYAKHSKY UPLIFT (OMULEVSKY TERRAIN)

I. N. Zueva, O. N. Chalaya, A. F. Safronov, Yu. S. Glyaznetsova, S. Kh. Lifshits
The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Organic matter, chloroform extracted bitumens, group composition, chemical structure, relict hydrocarbons, IR-Fourier spectroscopy, chromatography mass-spectrometry

Abstract >>
For the purpose of comparative study of oil source properties of the Devonian deposits in the central part of Kotelny island (New Siberian Islands) and Selennyakhsky uplift (Omulevsky terrain), geochemical studies of the composition, chemical structure of chloroform extracted bitumens of organic matter and relict hydrocarbons were conducted. In terms of the set of bituminological parameters, the studied naphthide occurrences are characterized by large variations in the content of organic matter, the yield of chloroform extracted bitumens, group composition and chemical structure of chloroform extracted bitumens, which indicates the presence of a wide range of bituminous varieties as traces of generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. According to the composition and distribution features of relict hydrocarbons, the naphthide occurrences in the central part of Kotelny island and Selennyakhsky uplift show great similarity, which is proved by their common type of aquagenic initial organic matter, its high degree of maturity and a sufficiently high generation potential of the Devonian deposits, which entered the zone of the main phase of oil formation and could generate liquid hydrocarbons, and in zones of deeper immersion they reached the main phase of gas formation. The obtained results on the geochemistry of organic matter confirm the existing point of view on the general history of geological development and the similarity of the formation conditions of oil and gas potential in offshore territories of the Laptev and East Siberian seas and the continental part of the East Siberian platform. This allows approaching the assessment of the oil generation potential of organic matter in rocks and the oil and gas content of Devonian deposits on the offshore based on the results of a more studied continental part of the territory in question.



15.
INFLUENCE OF NATURAL GAS COMPOSITION ON THE PROCESSES OF HYDRATE FORMATION AND DECOMPOSITION

L. P. Kalacheva1, A. S. Portnyagin1, S. A. Solovyeva1, A. I. Nikolaev1,2
1The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
2Yakutian Gas Processing Plant of JSC Sakhatransneftegaz, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Natural gas, gas hydrates, hydrate formation, decomposition of hydrates

Abstract >>
The processes of formation and decomposition of natural gas hydrates of the Srednevilyuiskiy and Otradninskiy gas condensate fields of Yakutia in model solutions of the sodium hydrocarbonate type have been studied. It was found that with an increase in the concentration of solutions, the volumes of gases bound into the hydrate decrease, and the composition of gas affects the decomposition of the obtained hydrates. It is shown that with an increase in the molar mass of natural gas, the rates of hydrate decomposition decrease.



16.
EFFECT OF HYBRID CARBON FILLER ON THE LOWER TEMPERATURE LIMIT OF RUBBER OPERATING

I. A. Mansurova, I. B. Shilov, V. S. Belozerov
Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia
Keywords: Highly elastic materials, frost resistance, fatigue endurance

Abstract >>
The effect of a hybrid filler consisting of the particles of carbon black and carbon nanotubes (CB/CNT) on the relaxation a-transition, as well as polymer glass transition temperature, which is a measure of the segmental mobility of macromolecules and, respectively, theoretical frost resistance of an elastic material was studied. According to the dynamic mechanical analysis data, the inclusion of CB/CNT hybrid particles in the filler leads to broadening of the temperature dependences peaks of the tangent of mechanical loss TanD for all samples towards lower temperatures and a shift in the position of the TanD maximum by the value from 4 to 16 °Ñ compared to control. The data of differential scanning calorimetry indicate the presence of additional low-temperature α-relaxation transitions in modified vulcanizates (-123 ... -118 ° Ñ). The observed relaxation behavior of macromolecules is caused by the appearance of macromolecules in the material of regions with less dense packing and, as a result, by the expansion of their conformational set during segmental movement at low temperatures. This provides the material with increased fatigue life and frost resistance.



17.
PATENT AND INFORMATION ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS ON GOLD HEAP LEACHING FROM MAN-MADE RAW MATERIALS IN THE PERMAFROST ZONE

V. P. Myazin1, E. S. Sokolova2, S. A. Ardanaeva2
1Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, Russia
2Transbaikal State University, Chita, Russia
Keywords: Gold heap leaching, patent analysis, modes of operation, objects of invention

Abstract >>
Using patent and information analysis of engineering solutions, the development level of physico-chemical geotechnology of gold heap leaching in the leading gold mining countries is analyzed. Based on the use of advanced information, a comparative quantitative assessment is given to engineering solutions for the objects of invention under two leaching modes - seasonal and year-round.



18.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FLOTATION REAGENTS OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN DEPENDING ON THEIR COMPOSITION

Yu. F. Patrakov, S. A. Semenova
Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russia
Keywords: Flotation agents, petroleum products, component composition, coal, flotation

Abstract >>
The article presents the results of a comparative study of the composition and properties of two commercial flotation reagents on an organic basis. It is shown that both reagents exhibit high flotation activity and complex properties of the collector-foaming agent in the process of enrichment of coking coal slurries. It was found that the component composition of reagents is very different, but has similar efficiency. One of them is represented mainly by h - and cycloaliphatic compounds. The second contains aromatic compounds in comparable quantities. The presence of compounds with oxygen-containing polar groups (cyclic alcohols, ketones, aliphatic acid esters) in both reagents gives them the characteristics of complex reagents with heteropolar properties.



19.
USING NATURAL ZEOLITES TO INCREASE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN MINING REGIONS

K. K. Razmakhnin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, Russia
Keywords: Mining enterprises, zeolite-containing rocks, comprehensive use, technologies, methods of cleaning and modification, ensuring comprehensive environmental safety

Abstract >>
The possibility of using natural zeolites in technologies for protecting environmental components during the operation of mining enterprises has been investigated. Issues of complex processing of zeolite-containing rocks have been studied. The most effective technologies for enrichment of zeolites, modification and activation of their properties, as well as purification from enclosing impurities have been determined and substantiated. The main parameters of the application of the proposed technologies for enrichment of zeolite-containing rocks have been established experimentally. The main directions of the use of natural zeolites in order to ensure the comprehensive environmental safety of mining enterprises have been determined.



20.
ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF REAGENT COMBINATION IN THE FLOTATION OF NON-SULFIDE ORE

D. V. Semyanova
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Flotation, combination of reagents, synergetic effect, physical sorption form

Abstract >>
A brief review of articles on the flotation of minerals using a combination of reagents is presented. It is noted that the main attention of the authors is aimed at studying the effect of the combination of collectors at the mineral-liquid interface. It was shown that one of the reagents or associates formed as a result of their joint action, possessing surface activity, can serve as a desorbed form of sorption and help reduce the induction time during the formation of a flotation complex.



21.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PNEUMOPERCUSSION MECHANISM WITH THREE PNEUMATIC CHAMBERS

Yu. V. Vanag1,2
1Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Confined space, controllable chamber, pneumatic impact mechanism, impact frequency, impact energy

Abstract >>
The problems of preserving the performance of pneumopercussion devices while reducing their weight and dimensions for carrying out construction works in a confined space are considered. The results of calculating the dynamics of two variants of percussion devices with two and three pneumatic chambers are presented. It is shown that with the same radial dimensions and threshold impact energy of devices under study, the reserve of increasing the impact power is increasing the impact frequency due to multiple pneumatic chambers.



22.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF AUTOMATIC LIQUID FLOW CONTROLLER FOR HYDRAULIC DRILLING MACHINE

V. B. Vasiliev1, A. P. Muslimov1, V. A. Vasiliev2
1Institute of Machine Science and Automation, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republ, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
2Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Keywords: Technological process, regulation, fluid flow, hydraulic system, spool, pressure reducing valve, hydraulic motor, experimental research, automatic regulation

Abstract >>
The procedure for conducting scientific experiments in the development of an automatic flow regulator with hydraulic control is considered. The necessity of using automatic systems in the drilling process is proved. The results of experimental studies of the liquid flow regulator, namely its output characteristic and oscillograms of the hydraulic motor acceleration under various operating modes of the regulator are presented



23.
DETERMINING DEFLECTOR PARAMETERS WHEN SINKING HORIZONTAL HOLES IN SOIL

B. B. Danilov, A. A. Rechkin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Horizontal directional drilling, deflector, modified Cam-Clay model, finite element method, simulation model, design parameters

Abstract >>
A schematic diagram of a device for deflecting a hole trajectory during horizontally directed auger drilling is proposed. The problem of deflector interaction with soil under static loading is considered. Using modified Cam Clay model for clay soils of the Ansys finite element package, the parametric problem on determining the dependence of hole axis deflection angle and the value of hole deflection per running meter of its length on the inclination angle of the front plane of rock cutting tool is solved. The optimal value of this angle is calculated.



24.
COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON ULTRAHIGH-MOLECULAR POLYETHYLENE WITH CHEMICALLY MODIFIED BASALT FIBER

S. N. Danilova, A. A. Okhlopkova, S. A. Sleptsova
Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk,Russia
Keywords: Polymer composite material, ultrahigh-molecular polyethylene, basalt fiber, adhesion, interphase interaction, physicomechanical properties, scanning electron microscope

Abstract >>
The problems of creating high-strength composite materials based on ultrahigh-molecular polyethylene reinforced with basalt fiber are considered. In this work, organically modified basalt fiber was used applying a coupling agent and a surfactant. The fiber was introduced into the polymer matrix in concentration of 0.5, 1 and 2 wt. %. The method of scanning electron microscopy revealed an improvement in the interphase interaction between the components of polymer composite material.



25.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF AIR DISTRIBUTION DYNAMICS FROM THE PISTON ACTION OF TRAINS IN LONG RAILWAY TUNNELS

I. V. Lugin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk Russia
Keywords: Long railway tunnel, piston action of trains, calculation of static air distribution

Abstract >>
The results of calculating air exchange from the piston action of trains in a long railway tunnel by computational aerodynamics methods in a stationary and non-stationary formulation are compared. The errors of determining air exchange in a stationary formulation are revealed. The correctness of applying the models of network static air distribution with quasi-dynamic models of the piston action of trains for calculating tunnel ventilation is justified.



26.
TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT FOR MONITORING PHYSICO- MECHANICAL ROCK PROPERTIES DURING DRILLING

V. V. Neskoromnykh, A. E. Golovchenko, D. R. Vyal’shin
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Keywords: Drilling, rock, physico-mechanical properties, rock failure, Smart Mine

Abstract >>
The problems of monitoring physico-mechanical rock properties during drilling as part of the Smart Mine project to build a rational ore flow system are considered. The theoretical foundations of determining the variability of rock physico-mechanical properties during drilling, mainly elasticity, are presented as a parameter characterizing the elastic response of rock to failure. The basic design of the system for implementing the above mechanism with fixing the variability of the elastic reaction of rocks to failure by elastic strain of the drill string and visualization of the obtained data in real time is given.



27.
JUSTIFICATION OF A PRINCIPAL DIAGRAM AND ANALYSIS OF OPERATING CYCLE DYNAMICS OF HYDROPERCUSSIVE VOLUMETRIC MECHANISM

V. V. Plokhikh, B. B. Danilov, D. O. Cheshchin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Trenchless technologies, hydraulic impact machines, design, intermediate chamber, elastic valve, operating cycle

Abstract >>
The features of the schemes of hydraulic impact machines are analyzed. The requirements for hydrostatic machines used in automated drilling systems in the implementation of adaptive engineering processes are formulated. A design of hydraulic impact mechanism with an intermediate drain chamber and annular elastic valve is developed. A simulation model of the proposed hydraulic impact system is constructed and dynamics of the operating cycle is studied.



28.
INVESTIGATION INTO OPERATING DYNAMICS OF A HIGH-SPEED BOREHOLE UNBALANCED VIBRATION SOURCE

A. V. Savchenko, A. D. Kozlov, D. S. Evstigneev, M. N. Tsupov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Unbalanced source, rotation in fluid, oil

Abstract >>
The operating dynamics of a high-speed borehole seismic source of unbalanced type was studied on a test bench in laboratory conditions. The inner chamber of a vibration source was filled with liquid and the unbalance in it was spun by an electric drive with a rotation frequency from 10 to 50 Hz and a step of 5 Hz. A comparison of vibration amplitudes generated by a vibration source with a dry and a liquid-filled inner chamber is made.



29.
POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE AND NATURAL LAYERED SILICATES FOR SEALING DEVICES OF NORTHERN EQUIPMENT

S. A. Sleptsova, N. N. Lazareva, Yu. V. Kapitonova, S. Laukkanen, E. S. Afanasyeva
Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Polymer composites, layered silicates, wear resistance, mechanical activation, friction surface

Abstract >>
The study of composite properties using the methods of mechanical activation showed the effectiveness of using layered silicates (LS) as PTFE modifiers. The exceptional effect of LS on the increase in wear resistance of PTFE is shown. The most significant influence on the set of PTFE characteristics was determined in the case of filling PTFE with silicates having a dioctahedral grid in their structure, due to the presence of aluminum cations. The formation of a protective layer serving as plastic grease was noted on the friction surface by the SEM method. New sealing materials were developed for extreme operating conditions, they are characterized by increased mechanical characteristics, tribo, frost- and heat resistance.



30.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF POLYETHYLENE PIPES SOCKET WELDING FOR MINING INDUSTRY

N. P. Starostin, O. A. Ammosova
The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Polyethylene pipes, socket welding, preheating, phase transition, piping systems, mining

Abstract >>
The proposed technology of polyethylene pipes socket welding can be used in construction of polyethylene pipe systems in mining industry. Based on numerical simulation of thermal process, the effect of low temperatures on the temperature field dynamics in socket weld joint is investigated. The need of preheating and usage of thermal insulation at the cooling stage during welding at low temperatures for the flow of heat process according to the patterns of welding at acceptable temperatures is shown. The procedure for calculating dimensions of heat-insulating chamber for cooling socket weld joint at low temperatures from the condition of ensuring cooling rate inherent to welding at acceptable temperatures is given.



31.
SIMULATION OF THERMAL PROCESS IN FLUOROPLASTIC SEALS OF THE ROTARY SHAFT FOR DETERMINING LIMITING LOAD-SPEED MODES

N. P. Starostin, M. A. Vasileva
The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Mathematical modeling, temperature, seals, fluoroplastic, shaft rotation speed, heat exchange, contact

Abstract >>
The paper discusses the mathematical model for calculating a nonstationary temperature field in the lip seal of rotary shaft. Finite element method is used to compare mathematical models of thermal process with various assumptions. At the same time, function of frictional heat generation is modeled by set of concentrated heat sources. For a seal of filled fluoroplast-4, the validity of assumption on removing almost all heat released by friction into a steel shaft is shown. Calculations show that for seals operating in low temperature conditions, it is necessary to consider dependence of thermophysical properties of sealing material on temperature. A procedure is proposed for determining the load-speed regimes of polymer seals of rotary shaft according to temperature limiting, considering dependence of thermophysical properties on temperature and heat exchange coefficients on sliding speed.



32.
INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOELASTIC STATE AT ELECTROFUSION WELDING OF POLYETHYLENE PIPES AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENT

N. P. Starostin, R. S. Tikhonov
The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: Polyethylene pipes, electrofusion welding, mathematical modeling, thermoelastic problem, finite element method, stress-strain state

Abstract >>
The work is devoted to the actual problem of welding of polyethylene pipes at low ambient temperatures used in the mining industry. The numerical solution of the thermoelastic problem shows the distinctive features of the thermal and stress-strain states of the welded joint of polyethylene pipes using couplings with a built-in heater at various temperatures of the environment. It is shown that welding in conditions of low temperatures of the environment, the size of the molten zone is substantially less than at permissible temperatures. In this connection, insufficient pressure is created between the coupling and the pipe for high-quality welding. It is also shown that at the time of melt crystallization, the maximum stresses during welding at low temperatures are higher than during welding in the allowable temperature range, which causes high values of residual stresses. The results obtained can be used in the development of welding technology at low temperatures.



33.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRACTOGRAPHIC AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EPOXY POLYMER UNDER CLIMATIC EFFECT

V. O. Startsev
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: Climatic weathering, mechanical properties, fractography, profilometry, epoxy polymer

Abstract >>
The methodology of fractorgaphic analysis of fracture surfaces after tensile testing was developed for ED-20 epoxy based polymer. Fractogrpahic analysis was conducted using roughness and brightness of fracture surface obtained by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. New insight on climatic weathering mechanisms was obtained. The increase in the brittle fracture surface area was observed, which corresponds to the decrease in tensile strength, as the duration of climatic weathering grows.



34.
INFLUENCE OF IMPACT FREQUENCY AND FEED FORCE ON THE RATE OF ROD PENETRATION INTO THE SOIL MASS

I. V. Tishchenko
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Pneumatic hammer, striker, impact frequency, shock pulse energy, rod element, static load, soil resistance, sinking rate

Abstract >>
The laboratory model of a pneumatic hammer with a striker weight of 4 kg and stepwise control of the impact power due to its frequency component is created. Its actual energy characteristics depending on adjustment option are presented. In the experiment, the rod experienced a combined action in the form of periodic shock pulses with an additional static load. Empirical graphical and calculated dependences of the influence of impact frequency and the magnitude of external force on the rate of casing penetration into the soil mass are obtained, provided that the necessary threshold value of pneumatic hammer energy required to overcome the soil resistance is reached.



35.
DETERMINATION OF ENERGY PARAMETERS OF HIGH PRESSURE DOWN-THE-HOLE HAMMER BY SIMULATION METHOD

E. M. Chernienkov, A. Yu. Primychkin, L. Yu. Belozerceva
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Drilling, rotary percussion drilling, DTH hammer, high pressure of energy carrier, mathematical modeling of hammer working cycle, hammer working cycle, energy characteristics

Abstract >>
The design of a domestically produced DTH hammer for drilling holes in rocks of medium and high strength is presented. Using mathematical modeling method, the possibility of hammer operation at an energy carrier pressure of 2.4 MPa is proved. The results of DTH hammer prototypes testing in laboratory conditions and at mining facilities are presented.



36.
REASONING THE USE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SCANNING THE OIL-SATURATED SEAM BY BOREHOLE ANTENNAS ARRAY

A. P. Khmelinin, A. I. Konurin, M. I. Konurina
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Hydraulic fracturing, microseismic monitoring, fased antenna array, Butler matrix, borehole probe, electrical scanning

Abstract >>
An overview of methods for mapping disturbances in a rock mass is given on the example of determining systems of hydraulic fractures in an oil-saturated reservoir. Methods of passive and active microseismic monitoring, as well as electromagnetic methods for examining rock massifs for the presence of inhomogeneities in it are considered. A promising option for the development of hydraulic fracture mapping systems is proposed - the creation of borehole probes, which are a ground penetrating radar that implements the mode of electrical scanning of the studied massif. The calculation of the antenna array of the borehole design based on the Butler matrix is performed. The calculated parameters of a phased array antenna with a Butler matrix can be used to design a downhole probe for mapping hydraulic fractures, as well as to perform a survey of engineering structures, for example, building foundations.