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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2019 year, number 6

Ecological division into districts of soils the Lake Baikal Basin

L. L. Ubugunov1,2, I. A. Belozertseva3,4, V. I. Ubugunova1, A. A. Sorokovoy3
1Institute of General and Experimental Biology of SB RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia
2Buryat State Agricultural Academy, Ulan-Ude, Russia
3Institute of Geography named after V. B. Sochava of SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
4Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: бассейн оз. Байкал, экология, почвы, почвенный покров, экологическое районирование, Lake Baikal basin, ecology, soil, soil cover, ecological zoning

Abstract

Soil-ecological division into districts is a new approach to the study of soils, which allows consider soil cover as a holistic ecological system. On the basis of many years of research in Russia and Mongolia, the authors ranked the same type of territories according to the structure of the soil cover and soil forming factors combination. The squares of the areas were established. All data were unified, using a single for two countries methodological and classifying approach. Soil groups with relatively similar bioclimatic factors (M. Budyko’s dryness index, the sum of biologically active temperatures, type and productivity of vegetation) were combined into soil-ecological provinces (9), which are dominant in soil forming. Soils with the similar lithology and geomorphology features (rocks, relief) were grouped into districts (28) with the regional level. The presented soil-ecological map is a kind of integrated information source, which reflects exogenous factors of soil formation: climate, relief, rocks, vegetation.