Landscape-ecological trends of spatial changes in the bird communities of Central Siberia
L. G. Vartapetov1, A. A. Romanov2, A. G. Larionov3, N. N. Egorov3, E. V. Shemyakin3
1Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
2M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
3Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: население птиц Средней Сибири, плотность населения, видовое богатство, биомасса, фаунистический состав, ярусное распределение, bird communities of Central Siberia, population density, species richness, biomass, faunal composition, tier distribution
Abstract
Population density, species richness and total biomass of birds in Central Siberia are increasing in the southern direction. In terrestrial natural landscapes, the greatest values are noted: the total abundance of birds - in the southern forest type of the communities, species richness - in the meadow-field type, and total biomass - in the subarctic plain-tundra type. In the industrial-technogenic and southern residential types, the density and biomass of the bird communities increase, and the species richness decreases in comparison with natural ornithocomplexes. In aquatic habitats, the total abundance of birds and their species richness are decreasing and biomass is increasing compared to terrestrial ones. The representation of the types of fauna in the bird communities (by the number of individuals) is determined by the zones of their landscape preference, which have ecological similarity with the areas of their formation. Since birds actively choose tiers with the most favorable thermal, trophic and protective conditions, their vertical biotopic distribution to some extent does not correspond to the tier structure of their habitats.
|
