Home – Home – Jornals – Scientific journal “Vestnik NSUEM” 2019 number 3

This article considers approaches to assessment of social efficiency of investment that have been developed for conditions of the planned and market economies. In doing so, it discusses requirements generated by large-scale projects and ways to fulfill them by the existing methodology for assessment of efficiency.

People wellbeing influences on the behavior of producers, traders, and customers, which itself can facilitate an increase in prices. There has been conducted an analysis of relation of gross regional product, customer expenses, and monetary income of population (all taken per capita and in average for the analyzed time span) to index of customer prices accumulated during 2010-2016. An unclear positive relation has been established on the level of regions, whereas this relation becomes moderately positive on the level of federal districts. In the both cases, the relation has not been found for gross regional product, which parameter should be excluded from further analyses of this kind. The influence of the factor of people wellbeing on the inflation differentiation in Russia is minimized by the action of the other factors and some complex mechanisms, although this influence should be taken into account for development of a conjugated state policy aimed at equating life level in the country space and targeting inflation.

In the most economically developed countries, the level of social and economic services rendered to the population is several times higher than the existing level in Russia, the level of innovation activity is higher, and the state of the sphere of private business is more stable. The role of public-private partnerships as an effective mechanism for financing and stimulating innovation in the country is discussed in the article. The subject of the research is a public-private partnership that contributes to improving the economic efficiency of investors, enterprises and the state. Particular attention is paid to the factors influencing the development of the system of investing innovative activities. The authors also presented promising forms of public-private partnership for infrastructure projects that promote cash flows of investments in the implementation of innovative projects. Based on the study, the authors proposed an algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of the project based on public-private partnership, as a tool to stimulate the innovative component of the country. The stages of making a decision on the implementation of an infrastructure project in the form of a public-private partnership are described, which allow to study the investment process in more detail, as well as determine the level and possibility of minimizing financial risks at each of the planning stages. The novelty of the presented tools is a reflection of the sequence of relations between the state and business for the development of an innovative economy. Thus, the relevance is substantiated and the main conclusions are formulated, proving the effectiveness of using the mechanisms of public-private partnership in practice.

The aim of the research is to analyze the results and factors of achieving strategies in the Research and production Association «ELSIB» PJSC in terms of reducing demand for its products for the period 2006-2018. The analysis showed that in difficult economic conditions it is important to build an effective management system that includes certain decision-making mechanisms. This is a reliable partnership, cost optimization, work with markets, the implementation of the cluster model, the constant implementation of research and development work, access to financial resources, the creation of a system of interrelated business processes, etc.

The article is devoted to digital differentiation of the largest cities in Russia. The study was conducted using a methodology for assessing the level of development of the technology of «Smart City», prepared by the National Research Institute of technology and communications. The study identified the trend towards increasing digital distortions in the operating model for the creation of a «smart» cities, as well as the factors affecting the impact of the introduction of digital technologies in the largest cities of Russia. The study recommendations complement techniques to assess the digitalization of the largest Russian cities indicators characterizing the financial security technology «smart» cities, the ratio of supply and demand for digital technology and the objectives for the development of the digital economy in Russia in the municipal programmes. The results of this research can be used for analysis of digital programs and projects, as well as in the formulation of the strategy for the development of Russia’s major cities.

The article focuses on the state of housing and communal services of the industrial region, on the example of the Sverdlovsk region, in the relationship and the level and possibilities of financing of services in this area by the main consumer - the population. The comparison of regional indicators with the all-Russian trends is carried out. The study shows the need and the possibility of rapid response to the problem of the crisis state of the industry. The need is determined by the critical state of the utilities of the regional housing and communal services system. The possibility is connected with the justification of covering the costs directed to the modernization of the industry, where investors can be sure of compensation of costs, primarily due to the responsible attitude of the main consumers - the population of the region to pay for housing and communal services.

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of import substitution in the market of investment equipment of the Russian Federation. It addresses issues of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the process of import substitution and the formation of the corresponding statistical base. Methods of quantitative and qualitative assessment of import substitution have been developed and their approbation has been carried out using some types of investment equipment as an example. The consistency of import substitution estimates obtained by quantitative and qualitative assessment methods confirms the effectiveness of their use in predictive-analytical studies.

The focus in this paper is on the superlative indices as perspective indicators for Russian price statistics. Price indices are calculated by Laspeyres formula which has a bias in measurement of price change. Superlative indices minimize this bias and on the base of economic approach and consumer choice theory Törnqvist formula has smaller bias. Superlative indices are analyzed on the ground of axiomatic approach as well. There are generalization of questions and problems which can appear in the process of superlative index adaption in price statistics in Russian.

The aim of the research is the estimation of three-factor production functions, describing the dependence of the total turnover of small businesses and micro businesses on the wages of their staff, capital investment and existing regional entrepreneurial capital. The research was based on the official statistical information regarding 80 regions of Russia for 2015. High quality approximation of initial data using three-factor production functions was proved. The new tools offered for the estimation of production functions are of scientific and practical importance.

The article presents the problem of valuation of companies, firms and other objects from the perspective of the practical-historical, theoretical-methodological and classification-qualification aspects. We propose to use a system-innovative bibliometric analysis of publications for a deeper and more comprehensive formulation and justification of ways to solve this problem. The text contains the description of methods and the results of bibliometric analysis based on EconLit electronic bibliography data for 1886-2019 (first half year) (the works in English) and the Scientific Electronic Library of the Russian Federation (elibrary.ru) for 1900-2019. The authors are grateful to the American Economic Association for the opportunity to present the results of bibliometric analysis based on EconLit.

Financial effect of public procurement depends on the transactions specifics in view of the practices of informal institutions. Institutional environment impacts relations between individuals under the conditions of uncertainty, facilitating or preventing opportunistic conduct of counteragents. Appropriate schemes of psychological protection, the awareness of successful cases and mechanisms of satisfying adaptation as well as the need to support sustainable agent operations amid public administration by metrics directly influence relative efficiency of procurement procedures and the public contract system in general. Based on empirical data and macroeconomic statistics, ex post evaluation of the impact of institutional and conduct factors, such as dependence on preceding metrics, economic crime incidence, religious and ethnic factors, on the relative saving of public financial respires within the public contractual system is performed.

The article considers the problems of introduction and development of Islamic banking instruments in Russian economy due to the presence of both economic and social and legal factors. It describes the advantages of using these financial instruments both from the point of view of ensuring sustainable economic growth and from the point of view of social development of the state. The experience of CIS countries in the implementation of Islamic banking operations is considered, and the dynamics of assets and liabilities of the leading banks of Kyrgyz Republic and Republic of Kazakhstan before and after the regulated transition to the use of these financial instruments is analyzed.

Territories located near major international airports by the beginning of the 21st century became one of the most promising objects of economic and territorial development. In Russia, examples of the use of such approaches are still in the initial stages. The aim of the study is to select a model for managing of airport territory around the Tolmachevo airport in the Novosibirsk region. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved. First, the role of city-airports and aerotropolis in modern conditions is defined. Secondly, a review of foreign experience in managing airport areas, as territories with special status, was conducted. Third, we analyzed the legislative support for the formation of territories with special statuses in Russia. Fourth, the current development management system of the Novosibirsk agglomeration is analyzed. As a result of the research, proposals were developed to improve the management system for the development of the area around the Tolmachevo Airport in the Novosibirsk region. This allows resolving the issues of territorial planning throughout the Aerosity Tolmachevo territory within the framework of the current management system.

The article deals with the problems of changing the sectoral structure of the economy of the regions of Kyrgyzstan. This paper attempts to assess the effects of localization of industries (sectors) of the economy. The analysis led to the conclusion of those sectors of the economy that have a cluster potential in the regions of Kyrgyzstan. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the presented conclusions by the relevant regional authorities in the selection of priority sectors of the regional economy, which are points of growth.

The role of the tourism sector in the economy of Colombia is analyzed in the article. The authors believe that, using comparative advantages in the Latin American region in terms of geography, natural resources and cultural values, the tourist sector of Colombia can be one of the drivers of the country’s economic development. The rates of economic growth and the structure of GDP are considered. Analyzed are the prospects for the development of the tourism sector: employment, management policies, infrastructure of the industry and its impact on the country’s economy.

The role of war in the evolution of human society, the change of its scale. It is shown that the decline in morals and the growth of cynicism in international political relations in comparison with the past, led to non-compliance with the rules of warfare developed by the international community. The dependence of small States on the military confrontation of the key players in international politics, which turned the world into a single geostrategic space, is substantiated.

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the population social well-being on the level and forms of the social activity and civic activism of the inhabitants of a megapolis. The empirical base of the study was compiled from a questionnaire survey conducted among residents of the city of Novosibirsk in 2018. The respondents were divided into clusters according to a number of characteristics of the social well-being of the population: level of material well-being; degree of confidence in the near future; life satisfaction in general. Clusters meaningfully taking into account the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents are characterized. The following symbols are given to each cluster: «satisfied», «moderate», «dissatisfied». It has been established that the level of well-being and as a result life satisfaction of the respondents have a strong influence on the nature of their perception of the habitual surrounding reality. It was concluded that the more satisfied with the life and confident of his future respondent the more positive changes in the life of the city are obvious to him, the higher his level of social well-being and the need to implement socially active, aimed, among other things, towards achieving the common good. It was revealed that representatives of clusters «satisfied» and «moderate» willingly take responsibility for both changing their own lives and solving social problems (readiness for joint actions). In contrast «dissatisfied» are prone to manifestation of paternalistic attitudes, individualism, and privatization. It has been established that good social well-being is a factor of the realization of the subjective potential, social activity and involvement in civic activism in achieving of the individual personal and social well-being interests.

Conducted sociological research contributed to the identification of two groups of reasons for refusal to participate in surveys: common to all sociological studies and specific to medical sociological ones. The first group includes methodological, social and psychological aspects. The methodical reason for refusals is related to the uncomfortable conditions at the polling sites. This social aspect of refusal to participate in polls is noted as the absence of feedback on its results. The psychological aspect is related to the perception of the interviewer by the respondents. The group of specific problems of medico-sociological research included failures due to the heavy physical or psychological state of the respondents.

Volunteering contributes to the social activity of the population, helps to its involvement in the life of local communities and to its participation in the development of civil society. In addition to the economic and social effect on society, volunteering has a number of positive impacts on specific people, in particular on older people (through meeting social needs, improving psychological health, etc.). The article shows the possibilities of involving older people in social life on real examples of the several volunteer movements and public organizations work, in Western countries and Russia. It is revealed that the state attitude to this social movement in Western countries and in Russia is significantly different. The participation of «silver» volunteers in Russia is complicated by the existing social stereotypes, the direction of public policy; but at the same time, there are promising cases of involving the elder people in volunteer activities. Attracting «silver» volunteers along with young ones during the XXII Winter Olympics in the city of Sochi 2014. and the 2018 FIFA World Cup, testifies to a change in the vector of state policy regarding the «silver» volunteering.