INTERFERONS AND EYE DISEASES
Nikolay Andreevich KIKHTENKO1, Pavel Gennad’evich MADONOV2
1В«Vision center “Doctor Linz”», Ltd
2Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia
Keywords: интерфероны, клиническое применение, иммунобиологическая терапия, противовирусная терапия, офтальмология, interferons, clinical use, immunobiological therapy, antiviral therapy, ophthalmology
Abstract
The review contains an analysis of the medical use of interferons - a group of signaling protein molecules that have antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activity - in ophthalmic practice. Interferons have a wide spectrum of action, including antiviral, immunomodulatory, antitumor and other types of activity. This provides a great potential for interferon use in ophthalmology, both in combination and as a first-line therapy for conjunctival papillomatosis, squamous cell neoplasia, conjunctival melanoma, keratitis caused by the herpes simplex virus, uveitis, geographical choriopathy, cystic and diabetic macular edemas, etc. There are considered mechanism of action, dosing regimens, side effects of using interferons and such their solutions as use of newly discovered interferon lambda and interferon pegylation. In contrast to the ubiquitous expression of the IFN-α receptor, IFN-λ receptor is determined mainly in the epithelial cells of the mucous membranes and skin keratinocytes, which provides a more targeted effect of the drugs. Modifying the properties of biologically active substances by combining them with low molecular weight carriers, for example, polyethylene glycol molecules (PEG), leads to a decrease in the therapeutic dose of the drug and an increase in the selectivity of its action due to changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters.
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