Home – Home – Jornals – The journal "Ateroskleroz" 2018 number 2

Aim. To identify death subroutine of endothelial cells upon the exposure to calcium phosphate bions (CPB) and to define whether CPB induce specific molecular response. Materials and Methods. Immortalized murine lymphatic endothelial cells (2H-11, 85-90 % confluence) were exposed to either magnesium phosphate bions (MPB), spherical calcium phosphate bions (SCPB), or needle-shaped calcium phosphate bions (NCPB) for 24 hours with the subsequent protein extraction using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer followed by Western blotting to: 1) apoptosis effector proteins (cleaved caspase-3 (cCasp-3), cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cParp-1)); 2) intrinsic apoptosis proteins ((X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (Xiap), survivin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (Pai-1), HtrA2/Omi, cytochromec, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma)); 3) proteins relate to central signaling pathways (phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pErk), phosphorylated mitogen-activated proteinkinase (pMapk), phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFak), phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated Bcells(pNF-kB), Itch, and Gli). Results were assessed by chemiluminescence detection and using the standard ImageJ algorithm for analysis of chemiluminescent gels. Results. We found increased levels of cleaved effector caspase 3 and its cleaved substrate, cPARP-1, in endothelial cells exposed to SCPB or NCPB as compared to those exposed to MPB or control phosphate buffered saline. Further, we documented decreased level of Xiap, a key inhibitor of intrinsic apoptosis, in endothelial cells exposed to SCPB or NCPB. In contrast, survivin, an other major inhibitor of intrinsic apoptosis, and anti-apoptotic protein Pai-1 were abated upon the SCPB or NCPB exposure, possibly due to the activation of negative feedback loop. In addition, we did not detect any significant changes in master regulators of cell signaling pathways after exposure to CPB. Conclusion. CPB induce intrinsic apoptosis in endothelial cells but do not cause any specific molecular signaling response.

The sensitivity of strains of microorganisms isolated from bioptates of atherosclerotic plaques to different antimicrobials was studied. For this study, the samples of atherosclerotic plaques from a group of patients that underwent elective carotid endarterectomy were used. Among 137 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci 13.1 % of all isolates were methicillin-resistant, but all were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and moxifloxacin. Some strains of staphylococci possessed the resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline (16.3 %) and (13.9 %) respectively. The greatest resistance among coagulase-negative staphylococci to chloramphenicol (43.4 %) were identified. The high sensitivity of such bacteria to clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and gentamycin (92.6, 92.0 and 90.5 % respectively) were established. Among 197 isolates of Propionibacterium acnes all strains were highly sensitive to all antibiotics (amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, benzylpenicillin, imipenem, clindamycin, piperacyllin, piperacyllin/tazobactam, ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol amd cefoxitin) which were tested. As exception was a metronidazole resistance to which bacteria are naturally refractory. The data obtained confirm that only small part of coagulase-negative staphylococci possessed the resistance to methicillin (13.1 %), but many among them demonstrated a high level of resistance to chloramphenicol. Between the strains of propionibacteria the acquired resistance to different antibacterials was not revealed.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the markers of the prognosis of heart failure NTproBNP and ST-2 in the dynamics of inpatient treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI), depending on the ejection fraction (EF). Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with STEMI ( n = 150) were studied depending on left ventricular (LV) LV EF < 50 % and FV ³ 50 %. The level of NTproBNP and ST-2 was assessed during hospitalization and discharge of patients. The GRACE scale calculated the prognosis of hospital mortality of patients with STEMI. Results. Middle-aged STEMI patients 61.7 ± 2.96 years had a high risk of mortality on the GRACE scale. The first day of the disease revealed an increase in the level of NTproBNP and ST-2. Patients with EF <50 % showed an increase in the studied indicators and markers of myocardial necrosis in comparison with EF> 50 %. In the dynamics of hospital treatment in patients with STEMI with an EF <50 %, high values of NTproBNP and ST-2 persisted; in contrast to patients with EF ³ 50 % a statistically significant decrease in NTproBNP and a decrease in ST-2 to normal values were established. Conclusion Laboratory indicators NTproBNP and ST-2 are markers of progression of heart failure in patients with STEMI at the hospital stage of treatment. In patients with STEMI with an EF <50 %, high values of NTproBNP and ST-2 persist throughout the in-patient treatment, determining the prognosis of heart failure.

The aim of this study was to determine the informative value and clinical significance of the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein-B (LDL-C/apoB) in the overall evaluation of blood lipid profile atherogenicity. Material and methods. A total of 157 apparently healthy men with normolipidemia were included in the study. The plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apoA-I, apoB and apoE were measured on the Powerwave 200 automated spectrophotometer (USA) with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated. Results. The use of apoB content in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) instead of total apoB level in plasma is preferable in calculating the LDL-C/apoB ratio. Low values of the LDL-C/LDL-apoB ratio, indicating a predominance of small dense LDL particles in plasma, were associated with higher triglycerides levels and lower apoE levels. This finding indicates that apoE, being a metabolically active apolipoprotein and regulating residence of triglycerides-rich lipoproteins in plasma, can affect size of the LDL particles. Conclusion. Thus, presence of small, dense LDL particles in plasma of men with normolipidemia can be a consequence of disturbances in catabolism and metabolic turnover of lipoproteins.

A review of the literature is devoted to the analysis of the cardioprotective mechanisms of the Mediterranean diet. Last decades the Mediterranean diet is a subject of studying of cardiologists of all world. Numerous studies have confirmed the positive effect of this dietary pattern on the lipid profile, body weight, carbohydrate metabolism, blood pressure and cardiovascular morbidity in general. In this regard, the question of pathophysiological influences of this dietary stereotype on the cardiovascular system is topical.