Social Measurement of Employment and Unemployment of Disabled People on the Mesoeconomic Level
L. M. Nizova, E. N. Sorokina
Volga State Technological University, Yoshkar-Ola
Keywords: рынок труда, занятость, безработица, инвалиды, активные программы содействия занятости, специализированное рабочее место, самозанятость, квотирование рабочих мест, конкурентоспособность инвалидов, Labor market, employment, unemployment, people with disabilities, active employment promotion programs, a specialized workplace, self-employment, job quotas, competitiveness of disabled people
Abstract
Trends in the employment of disabled people on the basis of statistical observations have been studied. The practice of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is summarized: the republics of Mari El, Bashkiria, the Crimea and the Lipetsk region, and federal and mesoeconomic indicators are compared. This made it possible to identify priorities and problems in the sphere of labor and employment of people with disabilities, the most important of which are: the creation of specialized jobs, job placement, quoting of jobs, training and retraining, a direction for self-employment. Out of the whole variety of subsystems of the economy, the labor market of the disabled and its individual segments have the highest degree of uncertainty, unpredictability, the greatest variety of criteria for its assessment and forecast, specificity of functioning. Based on the monitoring of social dimensions and generalization of the positive experience of the regions, measures are proposed to update the labor potential of people with disabilities: the development of mentoring in the framework of accompanying young disabled people; encouraging employers to create and quote specialized workplaces by reducing the tax burden; targeted training of people with disabilities to improve their competitiveness in the labor market; improvement of social partnership of interested bodies and non-profit organizations in creating a barrier-free environment, accessibility to the workplace and social protection of disabled persons on the basis of the state program «Affordable Environment».
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