Synthesis of N-octyland N-Phenyl-substituted (Co)polymers of a Series of Polyalkylguanidines and Their Antimicrobial Activity Towards Conditionally Pathogenic Microorganisms
S. A. STELMAKH1,2, N. M. GARKUSHEVA1, O. S. OCHIROV1, M. N. GRIGOR'YEVA1, A. E. STELMAKH3, V. B. BATOEV1, D. M. MOGNONOV1,2
1Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan Ude, Russia
2Buryat State University, Ulan Ude, Russia
3East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Ulan Ude, Russia
Keywords: поликонденсация, полигуанидины, дезинфекционные свойства, антибактериальные свойства, polycondensation, polyguanidines, disinfecting properties antibacterial properties
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride N-alkyl- and N-phenyl-substituted derivatives were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity towards to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms was investigated. The structure and molecular mass characteristics of the polymers and copolymers obtained were investigated by physicochemical methods. The determination of the antimicrobial activity of (co)polymers was carried out on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria ( B. cereus and E. coli , respectively). As a polymer test sample, Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG hydrochloride) that is widely used as the reactant in many modern disinfectants was selected. The assessment of antibacterial properties was carried out based on the serial dilution method in an agar. It was determined that E. coli possessed the highest sensitivity towards N-octyl-substituted products with a high degree of substitution. The effectiveness of alkylated polyguanidines is conditioned by macromolecule sorption on the bacterial cell wall as a result of hydrophobic interactions due to octyl substituents that act as hydrophobic structural elements in these compounds. (Co)polymers with a low substitution degree possess the maximum antimicrobial activity out of N-phenyl-substituted samples. With an increase in the substituent content in a polymer chain, their activity towards the bacteria under study is linearly decreased to a level comparable with the test sample. Unlike N-octyl-substituted copolymers, B. cereus bacteria possess a greater sensibility to N-phenyl-substituted samples. Thus, N-octyl- and N-phenyl-substituted (co)polymers exceed polyhexamethyl guanidine hydrochloride on the reduction percentage in 2-4 times. The resulting (co)polymers are promising materials for the elaboration of high performance disinfectants based on them.
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