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"Philosophy of Education"

2016 year, number 1

METHODICAL FEATURES OF TRAINING IN STILL LIFE DRAWING AT THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY

K. A. Kravchenko, O. V. Shalyapin
Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, st. Vilyuiskaua, 630126, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: педагогическая установка, профессиональное восприятие, рисунок натюрморта, поисковые форэскизы, упражнения, pedagogical mindset, professional perception, still life drawing, search brief sketches, exercises

Abstract

The authors note that at the basis of training in the academic drawing at the art departments of pedagogical higher education institutions there is an organized process of scientific cognition, and also mastering the methodological knowledge of academic drawing. An instrument of control of the process of training in drawing is a pedagogical mindset, which allows awakening students’ purposeful vision of nature dictated by specific educational objectives, and also the personal-evaluative attitude to the depicting process. The pedagogical mindset helps to form consistently and gradually the professional competences of the drawing artist, since it is obvious that every time the process of image creation is followed by certain purposes and tasks of visual perception. It is exactly the purpose mindset that creates a certain form of mental organization of activity, causing mobility of perception and activity of formation of graphic representations, which allows finding the basic direction for the solution of graphic tasks. Moreover, the number of mindsets is determined by the quantity of stages of work on the image and methodical sequence of complication of training material. In the article the statement is substantiated that the basic method of training in the academic drawing and comprehension of the graphic literacy is a research method. Its essence is conditioned by its functions: on the basis of purposeful observation, the professional art perception is formed; the consecutive assimilation of knowledge is organized, that is the known knowledge, acquired at the early stages of training, is applied to the solution of more complex problems; and, as a result of such solution, new knowledge is obtained, and also mastering the methods of scientific and art cognition in the process of graphic activity is provided, that is, the initial conception in the academic drawing is realized. In the art-pedagogical education this process traditionally begins with the depicting of a still life, which is an especially valuable object for cognition of the foundations of the graphic literacy, visually and lucidly demonstrating various regularities of forms in space and their composite interaction. The authors suggest training in still life drawing, using a complex of consistently complicating tasks: the search, short-term-training and long-term-creative tasks. As a result, each academic task will be presented by one complete work and a series of brief sketches and exercises, the stages of studying of theoretical and practical questions of the graphic literacy.