Reindeer Breeding in the Arctic Subregion: Current State and Directions for the Development
Valentin Ivanov
Institute of Socio-Economic and Energy Problems of the North, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktykvkar
Keywords: the Komi Republic, reindeer breeding, reindeer management systems, environmental conditions, social problems of reindeer breeders
Abstract
The paper discusses the role and a specific character of reindeer breeding as the main sector of the traditional northern economy. It examines advantages and drawbacks of different management systems and demonstrates the dynamics of changes and the proportion of domestic reindeer population in the federal subjects of the North. We study the reindeer breeding before the reforms and in the market period. The article further analyzes how the target program «Reindeer Breeding Development in the Komi Republic (2012-2015)» is realized. It defines drawbacks of regional development which appeared due to the absence of a federal act on reindeer breeding, unregulated interregional connections aimed at pastures monitoring. As a conclusion, we propose directions on how to develop forest reindeer breeding and solve social problems of reindeer breeders.
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