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Journal of Mining Sciences

2013 year, number 1

1.
GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF DISCONTINUITIES IN GEOMATERIALS. PART I: THEORY AND LABORATORY EXPERIMENT

O. M. Usol’tseva, L.A. Nazarova, P. A. Tsoi, L. A. Nazarov, V. N. Semenov
N.A. Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
Keywords: Rock mass, discontinuity, test stand, experiment, elastoplastic model, verification, equation of state
Pages: 3-10

Abstract >>
The authors have designed a test stand for origination and growth of discontinuities in rocks. Based on the laboratory experiment data obtained on artificial geomaterials and using the developed geomechanical model, equation of state for shear deformation of a discontinuity is synthesized.



2.
ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURE PROBLEM FOR NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID

A. M. Lin’kov
Institute for Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bol’shoi pr. V. O. 61, Saint Petersburg, 199178 Russia
voknilal@hotmail.com
Keywords: Hydraulic fracture, non-Newtonian fluid, particle velocity, analytical solution
Pages: 11-21

Abstract >>
The paper presents analytical solution for hydraulic fracture driven by a non-Newtonian fluid and propagating under plane strain conditions in cross sections parallel to the fracture front. Conclusions are drawn on the influence of the fluid properties on the fracture propagation.



3.
GROWTH OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURES IN BIAXIAL COMPRESSION FIELD, CONSIDERING FLUID LEAKAGE AND VISCOSITY

P. A. Martynyuk, A. V. Panov
N.A. Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
Keywords: Hydrofracturing patterns, compression field, fluid viscosity, leakages
Pages: 22-33

Abstract >>
The authors analyze numerically propagation of hydraulic fractures from a circular hole boundary under viscous fluid injection in plane deformation condition, considering influence of the fluid viscosity and elastic characteristics. The approximate solution is compared with the recent numerical calculations of exact formulated problem. Effect of configuration of incipient hydraulic fractures on development of the overall hydrofracturing pattern is analyzed, and stable growth conditions for several long fractures are found.



4.
CALCULATION OF PITWALL SLOUGHING DYNAMICS IN CARBONATE ROCKS WITH DIFFERENT FREEZE RESISTANCE

V. I. Sleptsov, A. S. Kurilko
N.V. Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lenina 43, Yakutsk, 677980 Russia
v.i.sleptsov@igds.ysn.ru
Keywords: Mathematical modeling, permafrost zone, heat exchange, thermophysics, rock properties, radiative balance, pitwall sloughing
Pages: 34-41

Abstract >>
The article proposes mathematical model of heat exchange between open pitwall and atmosphere for forecasting temperature field in permafrost strata, daily change in radiative balance; slope angle and surface orientation; influence of contiguous benches. In terms of Udachny Mine, time dependence of pitwall sloughing layer thickness is estimated under cyclic effect of freezing–defrostation in rocks having different freeze resistance.



5.
ENERGY SOURCES OF ROCKBURSTS

G. L. Lindin1, T. V. Lobanova2
1Novokuznetsk Institute, Kemerovo State University, ul. Tsiolkovskogo 23, Novokuznetsk, 654041 Russia
lindins@ngs.ru
2Siberian State Industrial University, ul. Kirova 42, Novokuznetsk, 654007 Russia
lobanova_tv@sibsiu.ru
Keywords: Rockbursts in mines, distribution of epicenters of seismic events, energy flow lines, rockburst probability
Pages: 42-50

Abstract >>
The authors analyze stress–strain state of elastic plane with circular void in varied loading conditions, draw energy flow lines, highlight effect of clustered seismic events on the flow line shape, and propose definition of rockburst probability.



6.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE IRREGULARITY OF SYLVINITE, SPATHIC SALT AND CARNALLITE GAINS IN NANORANGE

V. N. Aptukov, V. Yu. Mitin
Perm State National Research Institute, ul. Bukireva 15, Perm, 614990 Russia
aptukov@psu.ru
Keywords: Salt rocks, grain, Dimension ICON, nanorange, fractal dimension, minimum covering method
Pages: 51-60

Abstract >>
The article considers statistical properties of surfaces of sylvinite, spathic salt and carnallite grains in nanorange. The authors describe processed experimental data obtained on scanning microprobe Dimension ICON in nanorange for grains of the Upper Kama potassium and potash-magnesium rock salts. Fractal dimension determined by minimum covering method is used as a characteristic of the grain surface irregularity. The authors find differences in the statistic properties of one-dimension divergent cuts of the grain surfaces.



7.
THEORETICAL BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF PONTOONS USED IN OPEN PIT MINES

S. V. Cherdantsev
T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, ul. Vesennyaya 28, Kemerovo, 650000 Russia
svch01@yandex.ru
Keywords: Pontoons, buoyancy, heeling moment, righting moment, stability
Pages: 61-69

Abstract >>
The author studies buoyancy of pontoons used in open pit coal mines based on the fundamental principles of the ship theory and finds safe height of pontoon upperworks. The derived formulas for metacentric heights are used in the analysis of pontoon stability.



8.
NEAR-FIELD RANGE OF SEISMIC SOURCE EMISSION ALONG HOLE AXIS

V. V. Skazkaa1, S. V. Serdyukovb2, G. N. Erokhinc3, A. S. Serdyukovb2
1L.S. Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Koptyuga 4, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
2N.A. Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasny pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
3I. Kant Baltic Federal University, ul. Aleksandra Nevskogo 14, Kaliningrad 236041 Russia
Keywords: Seismic source, hole, near-field range, force along hole axis
Pages: 70-78

Abstract >>
The authors have developed and numerically analyzed model of near-field range of a percussion-type borehole seismic source emission. The obtained estimates of attack energy on productive strata at underspeed seismic waves and varied position of the source relative to the stratum are presented in the article.



9.
STOCHASTIC LONG-TERM PRODUCTION SCHEDULING OF IRON ORE DEPOSITS: INTEGRATING JOINT MULTI-ELEMENT GEOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTY

J. Benndorf1, R. Dimitrakopoulos2
1TU Delft
J.benndorf@tudelft.nl
2McGill University, Montreal, Canada
roussos.dimitrakopoulos@mcgill.ca
Keywords: Open pit optimization, stochastic simulation, multi-element deposits, iron ore
Pages: 79-94

Abstract >>
Meeting production targets in terms of ore quantity and quality is critical for a successful mining operation. In-situ grade variability and uncertainty about the spatial distribution of ore and quality parameter cause both deviations from production targets and general financial deficits. A stochastic integer programming formulation (SIP) is developed herein to integrate geological uncertainty described by sets of equally possible scenarios of the unknown orebody. The SIP formulation accounts not only for discounted cashflows and deviations from production targets, discounts geological risk, while accounting for practical mining. Application at an iron ore deposit in western Australia shows the ability of the approach to control risk of deviating from production targets over time. Comparison shows that the stochastically generated mine plan exhibits less risk in deviating from quality targets that the traditional mine planning approach based on a single interpolated orebody model.



10.
BACKFILLING TECHNOLOGY IN KAZAKHSTAN MINES

L. A. Krupnika1, Yu. N. Shaposhnikb2, S. N. Shaposhnikb2, A. K. Tursunbaevac3
1K.I. Satpaev Kazakh National Technical University, ul. Satpaeva 22, Almaty, 050013 Kazakhstan
2D. Serikbaev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, ul. Protozanova A.K. 69, Ust-Kamenogorsk, 070004 Kazakhstan
3Karaganda State Technical University, bulv. Mira 56, Karaganda, 470075 Kazakhstan
Keywords: Backfilling operations, backfilling mixture, flues ash, plastifier addition, rheological properties and strength of filling
Pages: 95-105

Abstract >>
The article reviews backfilling complexes operating at Kazakhstan mines and describes laboratory and industrial tests of effect of cement–ash binder and plastifier combination on rheological properties and strength of filling masses.



11.
RATIONAL DESIGN OF ORE DISCHARGE PIT BOTTOM IN TRANSITION FROM OPEN PIT TO UNDERGROUND MINING IN UDACHNY MINE

I. V. Sokolov, A. A. Smirnov, Yu. G. Antipin, K. V. Baranovsky
Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mamina-Sibiryaka 58, Ekaterinburg, 620219 Russia
Keywords: Ore discharge, pit bottom, discharge workings
Pages: 106-117

Abstract >>
Simultaneous extraction of ore reserves from open pitwall and the layer immediately adjacent to the open pit bottom results in higher volume of ore discharge in the limited bottom area, besides the bottom must be stable within the adjacent layer extraction interval. The authors select the pit bottom design with two-way alternate arrangement of loading entries, taking into account the use of power-driven load–haul–dumpers. The ore output with the given pit bottom design is evaluated.



12.
RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF PLACERS SPOIL DUMPS

V. S. Litvintsev
Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Turgeneva 51, Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
Keywords: Renewability of placer mining-resultant spoil dumps resources, low-temperature influence, suffusion, chemical reactions
Pages: 118-126

Abstract >>
Considering peculiarities of resource potential in spoil dumps after gold placer mining and based on the analysis of spoil dump samples taken in two large gold placer mines, the article illustrates renewability of the resources left in spoil dumps under effect of natural processes (low-temperature, gravity water flow, suffosion, etc.).



13.
STRENGTH OF ADAPTABLE BLADE RING OF HEAVY-DUTY AXIAL MINE FANS

N. N. Petrov, N. V. Panova
N.A. Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia
Keywords: Adaptable blade ring, dimensionless model, stress–strain state, frequency
Pages: 127-137

Abstract >>
The authors discuss how design elements of replaceable rotatable blade ring influence its stress–strain state and natural frequency. The constructed generalized dimensionless model of adaptable blade ring assists in designing axial fans with increased rotation velocity for improved performance of main mine fans.



14.
PROCEDURE OF JOINT CALCULATION OF TEMPERATURE AND VENT MODE IN UNINTERRUPTED MINING IN PERMAFROST ZONE

Yu. A. Khokhlov, D. E. Solov’ev
N.V. Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lenina 43, Yakutsk, 677980 Russia
solovjevde@igds.ysn.ru
Keywords: Thermal conditions, air distribution, ventilation network, permafrost zone
Pages: 138-145

Abstract >>
The authors have developed procedure for forecasting air flow, air and rock temperatures as well as thawing halo in all roadways of a mine, taking into account stage-wise introduction of new mine workings in the mine ventilation network, or backfilling of the mined-out stopes.



15.
IMPROVED SELECTIVITY OF SULPHIDE ORES FLOTATION

V. A. Chanturiaa1, T. A. Ivanovab2, I. G. Zimbovskya3
1Moscow State Mining University, Leninskii pr. 6, Moscow, 119991 Russia
elenachan@mail.ru
2Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kryukovskii tupik 4, Moscow, 111020 Russia
tivanova06@mail.ru
3Moscow State Mining University
zumbofff@gmail.ru
Keywords: Selection of sulfides, adsorption of reagents, flotation, pyrite, sphalerite, extraction, reagents
Pages: 146-152

Abstract >>
The article analyzes flotation and adsorption capacity of a new complexing reagent AMD (nitrogen and oxygenated organic compound belonging to phenylpyrazole class) toward sphalerite, chalcopyrite and pyrite, combined with complexing modifiers, at varied consumptions of the reagents, in wide range of alkalinity. The basis for improvement of pyrite and sphalerite separation in flotation is provided.



16.
ESTIMATION CRITERIA FOR CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF MINERALS

E. V. Bogatyreva
National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 119049 Russia
Helen_Bogatureva@mail.ru
Keywords: Mineral, nonferrous and rare metals, chemical resistance, mechanical activation
Pages: 153-169

Abstract >>
Based on analysis of estimation criteria for chemical resistance of nonferrous and rare metal minerals, it has been found possible to properly predict their reactivity prior to their mechanical activation reasoning from their energy density, bond uniformity and power characteristic of cations of oxygen compounds. The authors propose relationships for determination of structural changes in noble metal minerals under mechanoactivation, which ensure mineral opening under further hydrometallurgical treatment (temperatures under 100 ºC). These relationships are useful to pre-evaluate reactivity of minerals and, based on that, select effective mechanical activation conditions.



17.
MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIME CONCENTRATES AT ABAGUR SINTER AND ENRICHMENT PLANT

E. K. Yakubailika1, V. I. Kilina1, M. V. Chizhika1, I. M. Ganzhenkob2, S. V. Kilina1
1L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/38, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia
2EVRAZRUDA JSC, Novokuznetsk, 654027 Russia
Keywords: Prime concentrate, black iron ore, lightly-oxidized ore, magnetic properties
Pages: 170-176

Abstract >>
The article presents basic magnetic characteristics of nine prime concentrates obtained from Siberian black iron ore and lightly oxidized iron ore processed at Abagur Sinter and Enrichment Plant. The best magnetic properties belong to prime concentrate of black iron ore extracted from Abaza, Irba and Kaz deposits; the weakest properties characterize lightly oxidized ore from Izykh-Gola and Krasnokamensk; the values of magnetic characteristics are proportional to magnetite content of original sample. Considering this, it is recommended to process jointly lightly oxidized and black iron ore in order to reduce magnetite loss in tailings.



18.
SATELLITE MONITORING OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IN OPEN CUT MINING AT OLIMPIADA GOLD PROJECT

G. V. Kalabin1, T. I. Moiseenko2, V. I. Gorny3, S. G. Kritsuk3, A. V. Soromotin4
1Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kryukovskii tupik 4, Moscow, 111020 Russia
kalabin.g@gmail.com
2V.I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia
geokhi.ras@relcom.ru
3Science and Research Center for Ecological Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Korpusnaya 18, Saint-Petersburg, 1971110 Russia
4Science and Research Institute of Ecology and Rational Use of Natural Resources, ul. Przheval’skogo 37, Tyumen, 625003 Russia
ecoins@tmn.ru
Keywords: Mining entities, use of resources, estimation of state of nature, mining impact, satellite monitoring, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Pages: 177-184

Abstract >>
The currentness of space data application in local and regional real-time estimation of state of nature in a mining area is substantiated in the article. The authors give and analyze satellite measurements of state of natural environment in a mining area in terms of open cut Olimpiada Gold Mine, Krasnoyarsk Territory.



19.
GEOECOLOGICAL ESTIMATE OF STATE OF NATURE IN A MINING AND PROCESSING PLANT INFLUENCE AREA USING GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

T. N. Aleksandrova1, L. N. Lipina2, N. I. Grekhnev2
1Mining National Mineral and Raw Material University, V.O. Liniya 21, Sainte Petersburg, 199106 Russia
IGD@rambler.ru
2Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Turgeneva 51, Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
Keywords: Mining and processing integrated works, geoecological estimation, geoinformation technologies, complex air pollution index
Pages: 185-193

Abstract >>
In terms of Mnogovershinny gold and silver mine, the authors have made geological estimation of mining impact on natural environment using geoinformation technologies. The influence area of mining and processing has been zoned based on the complex air pollution index using earth remote sensing methods.