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2005 year, number 2
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O. F. VASILYEV, V. A. KAZANTSEV, P. A. POPOV, V. V. KIRILLOV
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A total characterization of the natural conditions of the Chany and Kulunda lacustrine systems is given. Peculiarities of formation of lake hollows, structure and functioning of aquatic and shoreline biocenoses of the lakes Chany and Kulunda are demonstrated.
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V. I. BULATOV, I. N. ROTANOVA, D. V. CHERNYKH
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V. M. SAVKIN, S. Ya. DVURECHENSKAYA, Ya. V. SAPRYKINA, K. V. MARUSIN
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The work is dedicated to a comparative analysis of change of level characteristics and morphometry of the Chany lacustrine system depending on the cyclicity of the total wetting of the Baraba plain, and to the study of the time course of changes of the chemical composition of water in association with water balance indicators of the lake. The time course of hydrological characteristics and morphometry of the lake, the change of the chemical composition of water based on retrospective analysis and experimental study of the current state of the lake Chany are theoretically substantiated. Graphs of oscillations of water levels across water pools are built. An estimation of the water ecology of the lake is made.
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A. Yu. KOROLYUK, L. M. KIPRIYANOVA
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The phytocenotic diversity of the Central Baraba (the lake Chany, West Siberia) is characterized. 11 classes, 16 orders, 20 unions and 36 associations of the Braun-Blanquet floristic classification have been found, their ordination has been carried out on wetting gradients and soil richness-salinity. It is demonstrated that the peculiarity of the vegetable cover, as compared with other Baraba regions, is determined by a wider spread of aquatic and shoreline vegetation in the Chany water area and by the existence of abnormally large contours of halophyte vegetation on the bottom of the presently dryYudinsky pool of the lake Chany.
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L. M. KIPRIYANOVA
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The state of aquatic and shoreline macrophyte vegetation of the lake Chany system at the transgressive stage water content is studied. By the materials of 50 complete geobotanical descriptions carried out in 2001-2002 on the basic water bodies of the Chany lake system, the found cenotic diversity of the aquatic and shoreline vegetation has made up 22 syntaxa of association rank of the Braun-Blanquet classification. Two new associations - Bolboschoenetum planiculmis and Charetum altaicae - are described. It is shown that in the series Sargul - Uryum - the mouth region of the rivers Minor Chany - Chinyaikhinsky pool - Yudinsky pool, in parallel with the change of mineralization in the sequence of 0,64-0,75-0,96-0,79-3,11-3,56-5,60-6,37-6,50 g/dm3, the number of syntaxa of association rank changes in a series of 12-7-13-3-4-6-3-3-2. It is demonstrated that both at the regressive and at the transgressive phases of water level, the water bodies of the Chany system (except for the lakes Uryum and Sargul) belong to the reed - fennel-leaved - pondweed type. It has been cleared up that at mineralization values of less than 1 g/dm3 it is not so much the mineralization but the ecotopic diversity that influences the species and cenotic variation of macrophyte vegetation. At mineralization values of more than 1 g/dm3, the mineralization becomes already a limiting factor that limits the spreading of the major part of vascular plants and, as a consequence, the species and cenotic richness of the aquatic and shoreline vegetation decreases.
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N. M. KOVALEVSKAYA, A. Yu. KOROLYUK, H. J. DROST, I. GRIGORAS, V. A. BULATOV, V. V. KIRILLOV, I. N. ROTANOVA, D. V. CHERNYKH
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Mapping of the region of the lake Chany based on the Landsat image an
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N. I. YERMOLAEVA, O. S. BURMISTROVA
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The species diversity and quantitative characteristics of zooplankton of the lake Chany in 2001-2002 were studied. 76 species - 35 rotifers, 31 claocera and 10 copepoda species - were detected. Comparison of zooplankton communities in lake sites of different mineralization degree shows that as the salinity in the lake Chany increases, the fresh water zooplankton complex becomes replaced by saliferous water complex. The number of species diminishes from 71 in fresh water to 28 in salted one. The biological diversity of zooplankton brusquely drops as mineralization increases from 1 to 3
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D. M. BEZMATERNYKH
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An evaluation of the current state of zoobenthos of the lake Chany system is given. In the zoobenthos, 70 species from 7 classes of invertebrates are found. The greatest number of species was found in insects - 62,9 %, prevalent being midges - 24,3 % of all the zoobenthos species. The second and the third places in species riches were occupied by mollusks (22,9 %) and segmented worms (8,6 % of all the zoobenthos species). The numbers, biomass and ecological structure of zoobenthos in lake sites of various mineralization levels were studied. Dominant taxa were found.
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N. I. YURLOVA, S. N. VODYANITSKAYA
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The species composition and population density of pulmonata snails were studied in 1980-2002 in the lake Chany in the south of West Siberia. From May to September, three times in each month, samples of relative density of snails, water level and temperature were taken at 3 stations . Twenty three pulmonate snail species - Lymnaea stagnalis, L. fragilis, L. kazakensis, L. truncatula, L. palustris, L. saridalensis, L. berlani, L.sp., L. auricularia, L. ovata, L. peregra, L. tumida, L. lagotis, Planorbis planorbis, Anisus spirorbis, A. vortex, A.contortus, Armiger crista, A. bielzi, Segmentina nitida, Physa fontinalis, Aplexa hypnorum, Planorbarius corneus - were recorded during the study period. Four species - L. stagnalis, L. tumida, L. palustris and Pl.planorbis - formed the core of the community. The
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B. A. SERBINA
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The resalts of long-term studies of reproduction of snail population Opisthorchophorus troscheli (Paasch, 1942) in outfall of Kargat river (from Chany Lake Basin) was brought. The article include data about morphology of Bithyniidae snails laying. Data about period and duration of reproduction of O. troscheli in different years with temperature regime of pond was presented. The quantitative characteristics of Bithyniidae reproduction in natural conditions on south of the Western Siberia was provided. The findings was completed the results of laboratory research. The quantity of egg clusters in laying came down to finish of reproduction. The duration of embryonic development in O. troscheli was studied at different temperature conditions. Ecological aspects of reproduction Bithyniidae snails for the Western Siberia was investigated for the first time in Siberia.
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P. A. POPOV, V. A. VOSKOBOINIKOV, V. A. SHCHENEV
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At present, 10 species of indigenous fishes and 4 species and one ecological form (Amur goldfish) of acclimatized fish inhabit the lake Chany and its tributary rivers Chulym and Kargat. In the XX century, dominant in the numbers and ichthyomass in the lake were roach, perch and ide. In 1999-2002, the highest specific weight in catches belonged to the Amur goldfish. By the end of the century, in the lake the total catch of all the fish species decreased, the main cause of it being the decrease of the water level and as a consequence thereof the increase of water mineralization, death rate heightening during the ice regime, limitation of fattening and spawning areas. Due to these causes, the fishes of the lake have formed complicated adaptive migrations associated with reproduction, nutrition and wintering. The study of fish biology in the lake Chany is an important component of its ecological monitoring.
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E. N. YADRENKINA, E. A. INTERESOVA, A. V. YADRENKIN, R. M. KHAKIMOV
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There was realize a comparison of river and lake groups of ide Leuciscus idus and roach Rutilus rutilus in Chany Lake basin by applying the complex of osteometric parameters. Statistically significant differences were found between fish groups in the frequency of some phenetics characteristics of axial skeleton and pharyngeal teeth. The lacustrine group of ide is marked by rare phenes of pharyngeal teeth formulas "2.5-.2" and "3.5-5.4" (these variants have not been register in samples from the lake areas) and some phenes of axial skeleton. The river's and lacustrine groups of roach differ by pharyngeal teeth formula and the number of vertebras of trunk and caudal parts of the spine. There are discussed the questions of spatial organization of populations.
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A. P. Yanovsky
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On the basis of results of the author"s long-term observations and censuses of 1976-2003 (using the literature data), a review of anseriform species in the Baraba lowland for the last 28 years is presented. At present, here every year 14 anseriform species (whooper and mute swans grey-lag goose, Sheldrake, mallard, teal, gadwall, widgeon, pintail, garganey, shoveller, tufted duck, Netta rufina and golden eye) nestle and migrate. Three species - ruddy Sheldrake, red-crested pochard and white-headed duck - nestle not every year and on a small number of lakes. Five species come every spring and autumn - bean goose, white-fronted goose, smew, goosander and red-breasted merganser. Two species are found in autumn flights (Aythya marila and long-tailed duck). There are literature data on very rare incidence of five species (Bewick's swan, red-breasted goose, less white-fronted goose, Aythya nyroca and scoter). For the last 28 years, the numbers of nestling anseriform birds (especially pintail and garganey) within the limits of the Baraba lowland has decreased significantly. The main causes thereof are the cyclic decrease of swamp areas, low fires, cattle grazing, net fishing in nestling and brooding water bodies, clutch death caused by predator birds and animals, and hunting.
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V. M. CHERNYSHOV
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By long-term data, the peculiarities of reproduction of paddy-field warbler have been analyzed. A special attention is paid to variability of reproduction indicators as the basis of adaptation of this species to variations of the environment. The basic ecological factors influencing this variability have been determined. The reproduction strategy of paddy-field warbler seems
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V. A. KAZANTSEV, L. A. MAGAEVA, M. T. USTINOV, M. V. YAKUTIN
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Formation of the soil cover in a dried territory begins immediately and is characterized by a high rate of soil formation process. For the period of 40-60 years, solonetzs, solonchaks, meadow soils form complicated complexes. The pulsing character of drying - water impounding process complicates the general picture. Older complexes of soils undergo washing off, are overlapped with fresh alluviations on which younger soils, often of a different type, are formed (solonchaks on buried solonetzs).
It is established that soil formation in intensively drying territories of salted lakes goes through sod-meadow station skipping that of swamps, which differs from the stabilized notions. Rather intense are the processes of formation of sol relief forms on sites of dried lake bottom.
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E. Yu. ZARUBINA, D. A. DURNIKIN
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Results of taxonomic, arealogic and ecobiological analyses of the flora of 18 salted lakes of the Kulunda plain situated in the south of West Siberia are presented. It is shown that the degree of mineralization of water influences directly the composition and structure of the flora. All the species of the flora studied, depending on the salt tolerance degree belong to weakly salted - fresh water type, saltish-water or salted-water ecological complex.
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I. N. ROTANOVA, L. V. PESTOVA
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For the solution of nature protection problems, an analysis of the time course and of the current demographic situation in the basins of the lakes Chany and Kulunda has been carried out. For this purpose, statistical indicators of administrative regions of the Novosibirsk oblast and the Altai krai situated in the territory of the basins have been evaluated. The study has demonstrated that from geographical positions, by the natural conditions, history of population and demography of adjacent territories, the basins of the lakes Chany and Kulunda are very similar. Therefore, the approaches to solution of nature protection problems in the regions under study may be equal.
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L. V. VESNINA, E. Yu. MITROFANOVA, T. O. LISITSYNA
Pages: 221–233
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Results of studies of plankton algo-and zoocenoses of salted lakes of the territory of a closed runoff in the south of West Siberia carried out in 2001
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