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Chemistry for Sustainable Development

2003 year, number 1

Application of Polyfunctional Catalysis in Synthesis of Motor Fuels from CO2 as an Approach to the Problem of CO2 Utilization

V. M. Mysov and K. G. Ione
Scientific Engineering Centre "Zeosit", Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 5, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia), E-mail: zeosit@batman.sm.nsc.ru

Abstract

The development of civilization is inevitably connected with the increase of energy consumption. Nowadays the main part of energy is produced through incineration of organic fuel, the products of fuel combustion (CO2) being discharged into atmosphere. However the ecological problems impelled the world community to intensify their activity in order to decrease CO2 emission. There is a great number of known chemical reactions, both catalytic and non-catalytic, which bound CO2 chemically into various products. Specifically, the processes of hydrogen reduction of CO2 may proceed with the production of methanol, dimethyl ether (DME), methane, light hydrocarbons, or liquid motor fuels. Among these, the processes of motor fuel production on the bi-functional catalysts are most likely to be industrially applied in a large scale. The scientific and technological aspects of the processes of hydrogen reduction of carbon dioxide are considered with regard to CO2 utilization. The influences of the catalysts composition, pressure, temperature, (H2–CO2)/(CO + CO2) ratio, duration of the test run (up to 1000 h) on the activity and selectivity of the bi-functional catalysts in the synthesis of liquid motor fuels were studied. Depending on the composition of the liquid organic products, utilization of carbon in CO è CO2 comprised 70 to 90%.